anchor/bench/COMPUTE_UNITS.md

Compute Units

All notable changes in compute units usage will be documented in this file.

The changes are calculated by comparing the current results with the last version's results. Increase in usage is shown with 🔴 and decrease is shown with 🟢.

The programs and their tests are located in /tests/bench.

Note Results documented in this file are autogenerated. Running the tests will update the current results when necessary, manually editing the results should be avoided.

Warning Results may vary depending on Solana version.

[Unreleased]

Solana version: 1.18.8

Instruction	Compute Units	-
accountInfo1	601	🟢 -94 (13.53%)
accountInfo2	923	🟢 -112 (10.82%)
accountInfo4	1,583	🟢 -147 (8.50%)
accountInfo8	2,975	🟢 -367 (10.98%)
accountEmptyInit1	5,034	🟢 -518 (9.33%)
accountEmpty1	652	🟢 -167 (20.39%)
accountEmptyInit2	9,687	🟢 -734 (7.04%)
accountEmpty2	1,016	🟢 -259 (20.31%)
accountEmptyInit4	18,501	🟢 -1,302 (6.57%)
accountEmpty4	1,737	🟢 -440 (20.21%)
accountEmptyInit8	36,169	🟢 -2,440 (6.32%)
accountEmpty8	3,186	🟢 -804 (20.15%)
accountSizedInit1	5,106	🟢 -541 (9.58%)
accountSized1	668	🟢 -175 (20.76%)
accountSizedInit2	9,828	🟢 -779 (7.34%)
accountSized2	1,046	🟢 -271 (20.58%)
accountSizedInit4	18,837	🟢 -1,388 (6.86%)
accountSized4	1,807	🟢 -467 (20.54%)
accountSizedInit8	36,761	🟢 -2,615 (6.64%)
accountSized8	3,326	🟢 -859 (20.53%)
accountUnsizedInit1	5,199	🟢 -541 (9.43%)
accountUnsized1	702	🟢 -168 (19.31%)
accountUnsizedInit2	10,078	🟢 -778 (7.17%)
accountUnsized2	1,116	🟢 -263 (19.07%)
accountUnsizedInit4	19,259	🟢 -1,393 (6.75%)
accountUnsized4	1,953	🟢 -458 (19.00%)
accountUnsizedInit8	37,331	🟢 -2,638 (6.60%)
accountUnsized8	3,626	🟢 -852 (19.03%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit1	5,064	🟢 -541 (9.65%)
boxedAccountEmpty1	671	🟢 -185 (21.61%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit2	9,721	🟢 -801 (7.61%)
boxedAccountEmpty2	1,052	🟢 -295 (21.90%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit4	18,582	🟢 -1,420 (7.10%)
boxedAccountEmpty4	1,811	🟢 -513 (22.07%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit8	36,329	🟢 -2,673 (6.85%)
boxedAccountEmpty8	3,357	🟢 -954 (22.13%)
boxedAccountSizedInit1	5,119	🟢 -567 (9.97%)
boxedAccountSized1	686	🟢 -192 (21.87%)
boxedAccountSizedInit2	9,845	🟢 -845 (7.90%)
boxedAccountSized2	1,085	🟢 -309 (22.17%)
boxedAccountSizedInit4	18,825	🟢 -1,513 (7.44%)
boxedAccountSized4	1,874	🟢 -539 (22.34%)
boxedAccountSizedInit8	36,824	🟢 -2,846 (7.17%)
boxedAccountSized8	3,490	🟢 -1,003 (22.32%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit1	5,207	🟢 -567 (9.82%)
boxedAccountUnsized1	721	🟢 -187 (20.59%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit2	10,015	🟢 -851 (7.83%)
boxedAccountUnsized2	1,157	🟢 -300 (20.59%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit4	19,160	🟢 -1,528 (7.39%)
boxedAccountUnsized4	2,019	🟢 -527 (20.70%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit8	37,496	🟢 -2,879 (7.13%)
boxedAccountUnsized8	3,776	🟢 -983 (20.66%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint1	1,503	🟢 -693 (31.56%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint2	2,555	🟢 -1,292 (33.58%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint4	4,645	🟢 -2,487 (34.87%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint8	8,859	🟢 -4,884 (35.54%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken1	2,285	🔴 +159 (7.48%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken2	4,118	🔴 +412 (11.12%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken4	7,774	🔴 +921 (13.44%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken8	15,116	🔴 +1,932 (14.65%)
interfaceAccountMint1	1,603	🟢 -682 (29.85%)
interfaceAccountMint2	2,893	🟢 -1,285 (30.76%)
interfaceAccountMint4	5,475	🟢 -2,489 (31.25%)
interfaceAccountMint8	10,636	🟢 -4,902 (31.55%)
interfaceAccountToken1	2,359	🔴 +147 (6.65%)
interfaceAccountToken2	4,386	🔴 +356 (8.83%)
interfaceAccountToken4	8,437	🔴 +774 (10.10%)
interface1	600	🟢 -141 (19.03%)
interface2	745	🟢 -189 (20.24%)
interface4	1,033	🟢 -282 (21.44%)
interface8	1,616	🟢 -470 (22.53%)
program1	596	🟢 -145 (19.57%)
program2	737	🟢 -197 (21.09%)
program4	1,019	🟢 -298 (22.63%)
program8	1,584	🟢 -502 (24.07%)
signer1	580	🟢 -95 (14.07%)
signer2	872	🟢 -115 (11.65%)
signer4	1,454	🟢 -152 (9.46%)
signer8	2,618	🟢 -228 (8.01%)
systemAccount1	592	🟢 -137 (18.79%)
systemAccount2	894	🟢 -199 (18.21%)
systemAccount4	1,497	🟢 -320 (17.61%)
systemAccount8	2,707	🟢 -564 (17.24%)
uncheckedAccount1	563	🟢 -94 (14.31%)
uncheckedAccount2	836	🟢 -113 (11.91%)
uncheckedAccount4	1,378	🟢 -148 (9.70%)
uncheckedAccount8	2,468	🟢 -220 (8.18%)

Notable changes

• Upgrade Solana to 1.18.8 (#2867).

---

[0.29.0]

Solana version: 1.17.0

Instruction	Compute Units	+/-
accountInfo1	695	🟢 -431 (38.28%)
accountInfo2	1,035	🟢 -651 (38.61%)
accountInfo4	1,730	🟢 -645 (27.16%)
accountInfo8	3,342	🟢 -1,310 (28.16%)
accountEmptyInit1	5,552	🟢 -919 (14.20%)
accountEmpty1	819	🟢 -441 (35.00%)
accountEmptyInit2	10,421	🟢 -1,079 (9.38%)
accountEmpty2	1,275	🟢 -690 (35.11%)
accountEmptyInit4	19,803	🟢 -1,691 (7.87%)
accountEmpty4	2,177	🟢 -774 (26.23%)
accountEmptyInit8	38,609	🟢 -2,418 (5.89%)
accountEmpty8	3,990	🟢 -1,837 (31.53%)
accountSizedInit1	5,647	🟢 -937 (14.23%)
accountSized1	843	🟢 -482 (36.38%)
accountSizedInit2	10,607	🟢 -1,183 (10.03%)
accountSized2	1,317	🟢 -767 (36.80%)
accountSizedInit4	20,225	🟢 -1,755 (7.98%)
accountSized4	2,274	🟢 -899 (28.33%)
accountSizedInit8	39,376	🟢 -2,556 (6.10%)
accountSized8	4,185	🟢 -1,979 (32.11%)
accountUnsizedInit1	5,740	🟢 -978 (14.56%)
accountUnsized1	870	🟢 -579 (39.96%)
accountUnsizedInit2	10,856	🟢 -1,195 (9.92%)
accountUnsized2	1,379	🟢 -610 (30.67%)
accountUnsizedInit4	20,652	🟢 -1,721 (7.69%)
accountUnsized4	2,411	🟢 -1,136 (32.03%)
accountUnsizedInit8	39,969	🟢 -2,985 (6.95%)
accountUnsized8	4,478	🟢 -2,285 (33.79%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit1	5,605	🟢 -1,083 (16.19%)
boxedAccountEmpty1	856	🟢 -143 (14.31%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit2	10,522	🟢 -1,209 (10.31%)
boxedAccountEmpty2	1,347	🟢 -265 (16.44%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit4	20,002	🟢 -1,295 (6.08%)
boxedAccountEmpty4	2,324	🟢 -511 (18.02%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit8	39,002	🟢 -1,896 (4.64%)
boxedAccountEmpty8	4,311	🟢 -1,159 (21.19%)
boxedAccountSizedInit1	5,686	🟢 -1,104 (16.26%)
boxedAccountSized1	878	🟢 -150 (14.59%)
boxedAccountSizedInit2	10,690	🟢 -1,248 (10.45%)
boxedAccountSized2	1,394	🟢 -280 (16.73%)
boxedAccountSizedInit4	20,338	🟢 -1,375 (6.33%)
boxedAccountSized4	2,413	🟢 -541 (18.31%)
boxedAccountSizedInit8	39,670	🟢 -2,059 (4.93%)
boxedAccountSized8	4,493	🟢 -1,216 (21.30%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit1	5,774	🟢 -1,132 (16.39%)
boxedAccountUnsized1	908	🟢 -175 (16.16%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit2	10,866	🟢 -1,304 (10.71%)
boxedAccountUnsized2	1,457	🟢 -324 (18.19%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit4	20,688	🟢 -1,484 (6.69%)
boxedAccountUnsized4	2,546	🟢 -633 (19.91%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit8	40,375	🟢 -2,274 (5.33%)
boxedAccountUnsized8	4,759	🟢 -1,399 (22.72%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint1	2,196	🟢 -211 (8.77%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint2	3,847	🟢 -403 (9.48%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint4	7,132	🟢 -792 (9.99%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint8	13,743	🟢 -1,719 (11.12%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken1	2,126	🟢 -8 (0.37%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken2	3,706	🔴 +3 (0.08%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken4	6,853	🔴 +20 (0.29%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken8	13,184	🟢 -95 (0.72%)
interfaceAccountMint1	2,285	🟢 -190 (7.68%)
interfaceAccountMint2	4,178	🟢 -973 (18.89%)
interfaceAccountMint4	7,964	🟢 -1,980 (19.91%)
interfaceAccountMint8	15,538	🟢 -3,043 (16.38%)
interfaceAccountToken1	2,212	🔴 +10 (0.45%)
interfaceAccountToken2	4,030	🟢 -39 (0.96%)
interfaceAccountToken4	7,663	🟢 -25 (0.33%)
interface1	741	🟢 -429 (36.67%)
interface2	934	🟢 -666 (41.63%)
interface4	1,315	🟢 -726 (35.57%)
interface8	2,086	🟢 -1,741 (45.49%)
program1	741	🟢 -423 (36.34%)
program2	934	🟢 -654 (41.18%)
program4	1,317	🟢 -702 (34.77%)
program8	2,086	🟢 -1,693 (44.80%)
signer1	675	🟢 -454 (40.21%)
signer2	987	🟢 -708 (41.77%)
signer4	1,606	🟢 -789 (32.94%)
signer8	2,846	🟢 -1,845 (39.33%)
systemAccount1	729	🟢 -454 (38.38%)
systemAccount2	1,093	🟢 -708 (39.31%)
systemAccount4	1,817	🟢 -789 (30.28%)
systemAccount8	3,271	🟢 -1,845 (36.06%)
uncheckedAccount1	657	🟢 -468 (41.60%)
uncheckedAccount2	949	🟢 -737 (43.71%)
uncheckedAccount4	1,526	🟢 -850 (35.77%)
uncheckedAccount8	2,688	🟢 -1,964 (42.22%)

Notable changes

• Box the anchor_lang::Result error variants (#2600).
• Change all accounts to have a reference to AccountInfo instead of cloning (#2656).
• Reduce unnecessary cloning (#2663).

---

[0.28.0]

Solana version: 1.16.0

Instruction	Compute Units	+/-
accountInfo1	1,126	🔴 +63 (5.93%)
accountInfo2	1,686	🟢 -88 (4.96%)
accountInfo4	2,375	🟢 -87 (3.53%)
accountInfo8	4,652	🔴 +1 (0.02%)
accountEmptyInit1	6,471	🟢 -177 (2.66%)
accountEmpty1	1,260	🔴 +61 (5.09%)
accountEmptyInit2	11,500	🟢 -247 (2.10%)
accountEmpty2	1,965	🟢 -94 (4.57%)
accountEmptyInit4	21,494	🟢 -202 (0.93%)
accountEmpty4	2,951	🟢 -98 (3.21%)
accountEmptyInit8	41,027	🟢 -585 (1.41%)
accountEmpty8	5,827	🟢 -11 (0.19%)
accountSizedInit1	6,584	🟢 -175 (2.59%)
accountSized1	1,325	🔴 +81 (6.51%)
accountSizedInit2	11,790	🟢 -178 (1.49%)
accountSized2	2,084	🟢 -89 (4.10%)
accountSizedInit4	21,980	🟢 -158 (0.71%)
accountSized4	3,173	🟢 -17 (0.53%)
accountSizedInit8	41,932	🟢 -568 (1.34%)
accountSized8	6,164	🔴 +10 (0.16%)
accountUnsizedInit1	6,718	🟢 -177 (2.57%)
accountUnsized1	1,449	🔴 +97 (7.17%)
accountUnsizedInit2	12,051	🟢 -188 (1.54%)
accountUnsized2	1,989	🟢 -111 (5.29%)
accountUnsizedInit4	22,373	🟢 -309 (1.36%)
accountUnsized4	3,547	🔴 +40 (1.14%)
accountUnsizedInit8	42,954	🟢 -632 (1.45%)
accountUnsized8	6,763	🟢 -83 (1.21%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit1	6,688	🟢 -162 (2.36%)
boxedAccountEmpty1	999	🟢 -86 (7.93%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit2	11,731	🟢 -226 (1.89%)
boxedAccountEmpty2	1,612	🟢 -94 (5.51%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit4	21,297	🟢 -342 (1.58%)
boxedAccountEmpty4	2,835	🟢 -98 (3.34%)
boxedAccountEmptyInit8	40,898	🟢 -588 (1.42%)
boxedAccountEmpty8	5,470	🟢 -105 (1.88%)
boxedAccountSizedInit1	6,790	🟢 -162 (2.33%)
boxedAccountSized1	1,028	🟢 -84 (7.55%)
boxedAccountSizedInit2	11,938	🟢 -222 (1.83%)
boxedAccountSized2	1,674	🟢 -87 (4.94%)
boxedAccountSizedInit4	21,713	🟢 -334 (1.51%)
boxedAccountSized4	2,954	🟢 -91 (2.99%)
boxedAccountSizedInit8	41,729	🟢 -572 (1.35%)
boxedAccountSized8	5,709	🟢 -89 (1.54%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit1	6,906	🟢 -170 (2.40%)
boxedAccountUnsized1	1,083	🟢 -95 (8.06%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit2	12,170	🟢 -238 (1.92%)
boxedAccountUnsized2	1,781	🟢 -105 (5.57%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit4	22,172	🟢 -366 (1.62%)
boxedAccountUnsized4	3,179	🟢 -123 (3.73%)
boxedAccountUnsizedInit8	42,649	🟢 -636 (1.47%)
boxedAccountUnsized8	6,158	🟢 -154 (2.44%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint1	2,407	🟢 -1 (0.04%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint2	4,250	🔴 +74 (1.77%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint4	7,924	🔴 +235 (3.06%)
boxedInterfaceAccountMint8	15,462	🔴 +556 (3.73%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken1	2,134	🔴 +288 (15.60%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken2	3,703	🔴 +652 (21.37%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken4	6,833	🔴 +1,391 (25.56%)
boxedInterfaceAccountToken8	13,279	🔴 +2,867 (27.54%)
interfaceAccountMint1	2,475	🟢 -164 (6.21%)
interfaceAccountMint2	5,151	🔴 +302 (6.23%)
interfaceAccountMint4	9,944	🔴 +362 (3.78%)
interfaceAccountMint8	18,581	🔴 +665 (3.71%)
interfaceAccountToken1	2,202	🔴 +338 (18.13%)
interfaceAccountToken2	4,069	🔴 +735 (22.05%)
interfaceAccountToken4	7,688	🔴 +1,531 (24.87%)
interface1	1,170	🔴 +62 (5.60%)
interface2	1,600	🟢 -97 (5.72%)
interface4	2,041	🟢 -106 (4.94%)
interface8	3,827	🟢 -31 (0.80%)
program1	1,164	🔴 +56 (5.05%)
program2	1,588	🟢 -108 (6.37%)
program4	2,019	🟢 -130 (6.05%)
program8	3,779	🟢 -79 (2.05%)
signer1	1,129	🔴 +62 (5.81%)
signer2	1,695	🟢 -88 (4.94%)
signer4	2,395	🟢 -87 (3.51%)
signer8	4,691	🔴 +1 (0.02%)
systemAccount1	1,183	🔴 +61 (5.44%)
systemAccount2	1,801	🟢 -92 (4.86%)
systemAccount4	2,606	🟢 -95 (3.52%)
systemAccount8	5,116	🟢 -15 (0.29%)
uncheckedAccount1	1,125	🔴 +63 (5.93%)
uncheckedAccount2	1,686	🟢 -88 (4.96%)
uncheckedAccount4	2,376	🟢 -87 (3.53%)
uncheckedAccount8	4,652	🔴 +2 (0.04%)

Notable changes

• Upgrading Solana to 1.16. The difference in compute units usage between 0.27.0 and 0.28.0 is the direct result of upgrading Solana version(both build tools and crates) (#2512).

---

[0.27.0]

Solana version: 1.14.16

Instruction	Compute Units	+/-
accountInfo1	1,063	N/A
accountInfo2	1,774	N/A
accountInfo4	2,462	N/A
accountInfo8	4,651	N/A
accountEmptyInit1	6,648	N/A
accountEmpty1	1,199	N/A
accountEmptyInit2	11,747	N/A
accountEmpty2	2,059	N/A
accountEmptyInit4	21,696	N/A
accountEmpty4	3,049	N/A
accountEmptyInit8	41,612	N/A
accountEmpty8	5,838	N/A
accountSizedInit1	6,759	N/A
accountSized1	1,244	N/A
accountSizedInit2	11,968	N/A
accountSized2	2,173	N/A
accountSizedInit4	22,138	N/A
accountSized4	3,190	N/A
accountSizedInit8	42,500	N/A
accountSized8	6,154	N/A
accountUnsizedInit1	6,895	N/A
accountUnsized1	1,352	N/A
accountUnsizedInit2	12,239	N/A
accountUnsized2	2,100	N/A
accountUnsizedInit4	22,682	N/A
accountUnsized4	3,507	N/A
accountUnsizedInit8	43,586	N/A
accountUnsized8	6,846	N/A
boxedAccountEmptyInit1	6,850	N/A
boxedAccountEmpty1	1,085	N/A
boxedAccountEmptyInit2	11,957	N/A
boxedAccountEmpty2	1,706	N/A
boxedAccountEmptyInit4	21,639	N/A
boxedAccountEmpty4	2,933	N/A
boxedAccountEmptyInit8	41,486	N/A
boxedAccountEmpty8	5,575	N/A
boxedAccountSizedInit1	6,952	N/A
boxedAccountSized1	1,112	N/A
boxedAccountSizedInit2	12,160	N/A
boxedAccountSized2	1,761	N/A
boxedAccountSizedInit4	22,047	N/A
boxedAccountSized4	3,045	N/A
boxedAccountSizedInit8	42,301	N/A
boxedAccountSized8	5,798	N/A
boxedAccountUnsizedInit1	7,076	N/A
boxedAccountUnsized1	1,178	N/A
boxedAccountUnsizedInit2	12,408	N/A
boxedAccountUnsized2	1,886	N/A
boxedAccountUnsizedInit4	22,538	N/A
boxedAccountUnsized4	3,302	N/A
boxedAccountUnsizedInit8	43,285	N/A
boxedAccountUnsized8	6,312	N/A
boxedInterfaceAccountMint1	2,408	N/A
boxedInterfaceAccountMint2	4,176	N/A
boxedInterfaceAccountMint4	7,689	N/A
boxedInterfaceAccountMint8	14,906	N/A
boxedInterfaceAccountToken1	1,846	N/A
boxedInterfaceAccountToken2	3,051	N/A
boxedInterfaceAccountToken4	5,442	N/A
boxedInterfaceAccountToken8	10,412	N/A
interfaceAccountMint1	2,639	N/A
interfaceAccountMint2	4,849	N/A
interfaceAccountMint4	9,582	N/A
interfaceAccountMint8	17,916	N/A
interfaceAccountToken1	1,864	N/A
interfaceAccountToken2	3,334	N/A
interfaceAccountToken4	6,157	N/A
interface1	1,108	N/A
interface2	1,697	N/A
interface4	2,147	N/A
interface8	3,858	N/A
program1	1,108	N/A
program2	1,696	N/A
program4	2,149	N/A
program8	3,858	N/A
signer1	1,067	N/A
signer2	1,783	N/A
signer4	2,482	N/A
signer8	4,690	N/A
systemAccount1	1,122	N/A
systemAccount2	1,893	N/A
systemAccount4	2,701	N/A
systemAccount8	5,131	N/A
uncheckedAccount1	1,062	N/A
uncheckedAccount2	1,774	N/A
uncheckedAccount4	2,463	N/A
uncheckedAccount8	4,650	N/A

---