feat(argus): Port fortuna to Argus & delete unnecessary stuff (#2464)

* add argus as fortuna

* use fortuna eth_utils

* delete unnecessary API endpoints

* delete broken tests

* Argus init

* fix

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apps/argus/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+[package]
+name = "argus"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+anyhow = "1.0.75"
+axum = { version = "0.6.20", features = ["json", "ws", "macros"] }
+axum-macros = { version = "0.3.8" }
+base64 = { version = "0.21.0" }
+bincode = "1.3.3"
+byteorder = "1.5.0"
+clap = { version = "4.4.6", features = ["derive", "cargo", "env"] }
+ethabi = "18.0.0"
+ethers = { version = "2.0.14", features = ["ws"] }
+fortuna = { path = "../fortuna" }
+futures = { version = "0.3.28" }
+hex = "0.4.3"
+prometheus-client = { version = "0.21.2" }
+pythnet-sdk = { path = "../../pythnet/pythnet_sdk", features = ["strum"] }
+rand = "0.8.5"
+reqwest = { version = "0.11.22", features = ["json", "blocking"] }
+serde = { version = "1.0.188", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_qs = { version = "0.12.0", features = ["axum"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.107"
+serde_with = { version = "3.4.0", features = ["hex", "base64"] }
+serde_yaml = "0.9.25"
+sha3 = "0.10.8"
+tokio = { version = "1.33.0", features = ["full"] }
+tower-http = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["cors"] }
+tracing = { version = "0.1.37", features = ["log"] }
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.17", features = ["env-filter"] }
+once_cell = "1.18.0"
+lazy_static = "1.4.0"
+url = "2.5.0"
+chrono = { version = "0.4.38", features = [
+  "clock",
+  "std",
+], default-features = false }
+backoff = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["futures", "tokio"] }
+thiserror = "1.0.61"
+futures-locks = "0.7.1"
+
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+axum-test = "13.1.1"

apps/argus/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+ARG RUST_VERSION=1.82.0
+
+FROM rust:${RUST_VERSION} AS build
+
+# Build
+WORKDIR /src
+COPY apps/fortuna apps/fortuna
+COPY pythnet pythnet
+COPY target_chains/ethereum/entropy_sdk/solidity/abis target_chains/ethereum/entropy_sdk/solidity/abis
+
+WORKDIR /src/apps/fortuna
+
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cargo/registry cargo build --release
+
+
+FROM rust:${RUST_VERSION}
+# Copy artifacts from other images
+COPY --from=build /src/apps/fortuna/target/release/fortuna /usr/local/bin/

apps/argus/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Argus
+
+TODO

apps/argus/config.sample.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+chains:
+  lightlink_pegasus:
+    geth_rpc_addr: https://replicator.pegasus.lightlink.io/rpc/v1
+    contract_addr: 0x8250f4aF4B972684F7b336503E2D6dFeDeB1487a
+
+    # Keeper configuration for the chain
+    reveal_delay_blocks: 0
+    gas_limit: 500000
+
+    # Multiplier for the priority fee estimate, as a percentage (i.e., 100 = no change).
+    # Defaults to 100 if the field is omitted.
+    priority_fee_multiplier_pct: 100
+
+    escalation_policy:
+      # Pad the first callback transaction's gas estimate by 25%,
+      # then multiply each successive callback transaction's gas estimate by 10% until the cap is reached.
+      # All numbers are expressed as percentages where 100 = no change.
+      initial_gas_multiplier_pct: 125
+      gas_multiplier_pct: 110
+      gas_multiplier_cap_pct: 600
+
+      # Multiply successive callback transaction's fees by 10% until the cap is reached.
+      # All numbers are expressed as percentages where 100 = no change.
+      # (See also priority_fee_multiplier_pct above to generically adjust the priority fee estimates for the chain --
+      # adjusting that parameter will influence the fee of the first transaction, in addition to other things)
+      fee_multiplier_pct: 110
+      fee_multiplier_cap_pct: 200
+
+    min_keeper_balance: 100000000000000000
+
+    # Provider configuration
+    # How much to charge in fees
+    fee: 1500000000000000
+
+    # Configuration for dynamic fees under high gas prices. The keeper will set
+    # on-chain fees to make between [min_profit_pct, max_profit_pct] of the max callback
+    # cost in profit per transaction.
+    min_profit_pct: 0
+    target_profit_pct: 20
+    max_profit_pct: 100
+
+    # A list of block delays for processing blocks multiple times. Each number represents
+    # how many blocks to wait before processing. For example, [5, 10, 20] means process
+    # blocks after 5 blocks, then again after 10 blocks, and finally after 20 blocks.
+    block_delays: [5, 10, 20]
+
+    # Historical commitments -- delete this block for local development purposes
+    commitments:
+      # prettier-ignore
+      - seed: [219,125,217,197,234,88,208,120,21,181,172,143,239,102,41,233,167,212,237,106,37,255,184,165,238,121,230,155,116,158,173,48]
+        chain_length: 10000
+        original_commitment_sequence_number: 104
+provider:
+  uri: http://localhost:8080/
+  chain_length: 100000
+  chain_sample_interval: 10
+
+  # An ethereum wallet address and private key. Generate with `cast wallet new`
+  address: 0xADDRESS
+  private_key:
+    # For local development, you can hardcode the private key here
+    value: 0xabcd
+    # For production, you can store the private key in a file.
+    # file: provider-key.txt
+  # A 32 byte random value in hexadecimal
+  # Generate with `openssl rand -hex 32`
+  secret:
+    # For local development, you can hardcode the value here
+    value: abcd
+    # For production, you can store the private key in a file.
+    # file: secret.txt
+
+  # Set this to the address of your keeper wallet if you would like the keeper wallet to
+  # be able to withdraw fees from the contract.
+  fee_manager: 0xADDRESS
+keeper:
+  # An ethereum wallet address and private key for running the keeper service.
+  # This does not have to be the same key as the provider's key above.
+  # Generate with `cast wallet new`.
+  # The keeper private key can be omitted to run the webservice without the keeper.
+  private_key:
+    # For local development, you can hardcode the private key here
+    value: 0xabcd
+    # For production, you can store the private key in a file.
+    # file: keeper-key.txt

apps/argus/rust-toolchain

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1.82.0

apps/argus/src/api.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        chain::reader::{BlockNumber, BlockStatus, EntropyReader},
+        state::HashChainState,
+    },
+    anyhow::Result,
+    axum::{
+        body::Body,
+        http::StatusCode,
+        response::{IntoResponse, Response},
+        routing::get,
+        Router,
+    },
+    ethers::core::types::Address,
+    prometheus_client::{
+        encoding::EncodeLabelSet,
+        metrics::{counter::Counter, family::Family},
+        registry::Registry,
+    },
+    std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc},
+    tokio::sync::RwLock,
+    url::Url,
+};
+pub use {index::*, live::*, metrics::*, ready::*};
+
+mod index;
+mod live;
+mod metrics;
+mod ready;
+
+pub type ChainId = String;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, EncodeLabelSet)]
+pub struct RequestLabel {
+    pub value: String,
+}
+
+pub struct ApiMetrics {
+    pub http_requests: Family<RequestLabel, Counter>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct ApiState {
+    pub chains: Arc<HashMap<ChainId, BlockchainState>>,
+
+    pub metrics_registry: Arc<RwLock<Registry>>,
+
+    /// Prometheus metrics
+    pub metrics: Arc<ApiMetrics>,
+}
+
+impl ApiState {
+    pub async fn new(
+        chains: HashMap<ChainId, BlockchainState>,
+        metrics_registry: Arc<RwLock<Registry>>,
+    ) -> ApiState {
+        let metrics = ApiMetrics {
+            http_requests: Family::default(),
+        };
+
+        let http_requests = metrics.http_requests.clone();
+        metrics_registry.write().await.register(
+            "http_requests",
+            "Number of HTTP requests received",
+            http_requests,
+        );
+
+        ApiState {
+            chains: Arc::new(chains),
+            metrics: Arc::new(metrics),
+            metrics_registry,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// The state of the randomness service for a single blockchain.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct BlockchainState {
+    /// The chain id for this blockchain, useful for logging
+    pub id: ChainId,
+    /// The hash chain(s) required to serve random numbers for this blockchain
+    pub state: Arc<HashChainState>,
+    /// The contract that the server is fulfilling requests for.
+    pub contract: Arc<dyn EntropyReader>,
+    /// The address of the provider that this server is operating for.
+    pub provider_address: Address,
+    /// The server will wait for this many block confirmations of a request before revealing
+    /// the random number.
+    pub reveal_delay_blocks: BlockNumber,
+    /// The BlockStatus of the block that is considered to be confirmed on the blockchain.
+    /// For eg., Finalized, Safe
+    pub confirmed_block_status: BlockStatus,
+}
+
+pub enum RestError {
+    /// The caller passed a sequence number that isn't within the supported range
+    InvalidSequenceNumber,
+    /// The caller passed an unsupported chain id
+    InvalidChainId,
+    /// The caller requested a random value that can't currently be revealed (because it
+    /// hasn't been committed to on-chain)
+    NoPendingRequest,
+    /// The request exists, but the server is waiting for more confirmations (more blocks
+    /// to be mined) before revealing the random number.
+    PendingConfirmation,
+    /// The server cannot currently communicate with the blockchain, so is not able to verify
+    /// which random values have been requested.
+    TemporarilyUnavailable,
+    /// A catch-all error for all other types of errors that could occur during processing.
+    Unknown,
+}
+
+impl IntoResponse for RestError {
+    fn into_response(self) -> Response {
+        match self {
+            RestError::InvalidSequenceNumber => (
+                StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
+                "The sequence number is out of the permitted range",
+            )
+                .into_response(),
+            RestError::InvalidChainId => {
+                (StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "The chain id is not supported").into_response()
+            }
+            RestError::NoPendingRequest => (
+                StatusCode::FORBIDDEN,
+                "The request with the given sequence number has not been made yet, or the random value has already been revealed on chain.",
+            ).into_response(),
+            RestError::PendingConfirmation => (
+                StatusCode::FORBIDDEN,
+                "The request needs additional confirmations before the random value can be retrieved. Try your request again later.",
+            )
+                .into_response(),
+            RestError::TemporarilyUnavailable => (
+                StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
+                "This service is temporarily unavailable",
+            )
+                .into_response(),
+            RestError::Unknown => (
+                StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
+                "An unknown error occurred processing the request",
+            )
+                .into_response(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn routes(state: ApiState) -> Router<(), Body> {
+    Router::new()
+        .route("/", get(index))
+        .route("/live", get(live))
+        .route("/metrics", get(metrics))
+        .route("/ready", get(ready))
+        .with_state(state)
+}
+
+/// We are registering the provider on chain with the following url:
+/// `{base_uri}/v1/chains/{chain_id}`
+/// The path and API are highly coupled. Please be sure to keep them consistent.
+pub fn get_register_uri(base_uri: &str, chain_id: &str) -> Result<String> {
+    let base_uri = Url::parse(base_uri)?;
+    let path = format!("/v1/chains/{}", chain_id);
+    let uri = base_uri.join(&path)?;
+    Ok(uri.to_string())
+}

apps/argus/src/api/index.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+use axum::{response::IntoResponse, Json};
+
+/// This is the index page for the REST service. It lists all the available endpoints.
+///
+/// TODO: Dynamically generate this list if possible.
+pub async fn index() -> impl IntoResponse {
+    Json::<[&str; 0]>([])
+}

apps/argus/src/api/live.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+use axum::{
+    http::StatusCode,
+    response::{IntoResponse, Response},
+};
+
+pub async fn live() -> Response {
+    (StatusCode::OK, "OK").into_response()
+}

apps/argus/src/api/metrics.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//! Exposing prometheus metrics via HTTP in openmetrics format.
+
+use {
+    axum::{extract::State, response::IntoResponse},
+    prometheus_client::encoding::text::encode,
+};
+
+pub async fn metrics(State(state): State<crate::api::ApiState>) -> impl IntoResponse {
+    let registry = state.metrics_registry.read().await;
+    let mut buffer = String::new();
+
+    // Should not fail if the metrics are valid and there is memory available
+    // to write to the buffer.
+    encode(&mut buffer, &registry).unwrap();
+
+    buffer
+}

apps/argus/src/api/ready.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+use axum::{
+    http::StatusCode,
+    response::{IntoResponse, Response},
+};
+
+pub async fn ready() -> Response {
+    // TODO: are there useful checks here? At the moment, everything important (specifically hash
+    // chain computation) occurs synchronously on startup.
+    (StatusCode::OK, "OK").into_response()
+}

apps/argus/src/chain.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+pub mod ethereum;
+pub mod reader;

apps/argus/src/chain/ethereum.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::ChainId,
+        chain::reader::{
+            self, BlockNumber, BlockStatus, EntropyReader, RequestedWithCallbackEvent,
+        },
+        config::EthereumConfig,
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::{
+        eth_gas_oracle::EthProviderOracle,
+        legacy_tx_middleware::LegacyTxMiddleware,
+        nonce_manager::NonceManagerMiddleware,
+        traced_client::{RpcMetrics, TracedClient},
+    },
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Error, Result},
+    axum::async_trait,
+    ethers::{
+        abi::RawLog,
+        contract::{abigen, EthLogDecode},
+        core::types::Address,
+        middleware::{gas_oracle::GasOracleMiddleware, SignerMiddleware},
+        prelude::JsonRpcClient,
+        providers::{Http, Middleware, Provider},
+        signers::{LocalWallet, Signer},
+        types::{BlockNumber as EthersBlockNumber, U256},
+    },
+    sha3::{Digest, Keccak256},
+    std::sync::Arc,
+};
+
+// TODO: Programmatically generate this so we don't have to keep committed ABI in sync with the
+// contract in the same repo.
+abigen!(
+    PythRandom,
+    "../../target_chains/ethereum/entropy_sdk/solidity/abis/IEntropy.json"
+);
+
+pub type MiddlewaresWrapper<T> = LegacyTxMiddleware<
+    GasOracleMiddleware<
+        NonceManagerMiddleware<SignerMiddleware<Provider<T>, LocalWallet>>,
+        EthProviderOracle<Provider<T>>,
+    >,
+>;
+
+pub type SignablePythContractInner<T> = PythRandom<MiddlewaresWrapper<T>>;
+pub type SignablePythContract = SignablePythContractInner<Http>;
+pub type InstrumentedSignablePythContract = SignablePythContractInner<TracedClient>;
+
+pub type PythContract = PythRandom<Provider<Http>>;
+pub type InstrumentedPythContract = PythRandom<Provider<TracedClient>>;
+
+impl<T: JsonRpcClient + 'static + Clone> SignablePythContractInner<T> {
+    /// Get the wallet that signs transactions sent to this contract.
+    pub fn wallet(&self) -> LocalWallet {
+        self.client().inner().inner().inner().signer().clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Get the underlying provider that communicates with the blockchain.
+    pub fn provider(&self) -> Provider<T> {
+        self.client().inner().inner().inner().provider().clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Submit a request for a random number to the contract.
+    ///
+    /// This method is a version of the autogenned `request` method that parses the emitted logs
+    /// to return the sequence number of the created Request.
+    pub async fn request_wrapper(
+        &self,
+        provider: &Address,
+        user_randomness: &[u8; 32],
+        use_blockhash: bool,
+    ) -> Result<u64> {
+        let fee = self.get_fee(*provider).call().await?;
+
+        let hashed_randomness: [u8; 32] = Keccak256::digest(user_randomness).into();
+
+        if let Some(r) = self
+            .request(*provider, hashed_randomness, use_blockhash)
+            .value(fee)
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?
+        {
+            // Extract Log from TransactionReceipt.
+            let l: RawLog = r.logs[0].clone().into();
+            if let PythRandomEvents::RequestedFilter(r) = PythRandomEvents::decode_log(&l)? {
+                Ok(r.request.sequence_number)
+            } else {
+                Err(anyhow!("No log with sequence number"))
+            }
+        } else {
+            Err(anyhow!("Request failed"))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Reveal the generated random number to the contract.
+    ///
+    /// This method is a version of the autogenned `reveal` method that parses the emitted logs
+    /// to return the generated random number.
+    pub async fn reveal_wrapper(
+        &self,
+        provider: &Address,
+        sequence_number: u64,
+        user_randomness: &[u8; 32],
+        provider_randomness: &[u8; 32],
+    ) -> Result<[u8; 32]> {
+        if let Some(r) = self
+            .reveal(
+                *provider,
+                sequence_number,
+                *user_randomness,
+                *provider_randomness,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?
+        {
+            if let PythRandomEvents::RevealedFilter(r) =
+                PythRandomEvents::decode_log(&r.logs[0].clone().into())?
+            {
+                Ok(r.random_number)
+            } else {
+                Err(anyhow!("No log with randomnumber"))
+            }
+        } else {
+            Err(anyhow!("Request failed"))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn from_config_and_provider(
+        chain_config: &EthereumConfig,
+        private_key: &str,
+        provider: Provider<T>,
+    ) -> Result<SignablePythContractInner<T>> {
+        let chain_id = provider.get_chainid().await?;
+        let gas_oracle =
+            EthProviderOracle::new(provider.clone(), chain_config.priority_fee_multiplier_pct);
+        let wallet__ = private_key
+            .parse::<LocalWallet>()?
+            .with_chain_id(chain_id.as_u64());
+
+        let address = wallet__.address();
+
+        Ok(PythRandom::new(
+            chain_config.contract_addr,
+            Arc::new(LegacyTxMiddleware::new(
+                chain_config.legacy_tx,
+                GasOracleMiddleware::new(
+                    NonceManagerMiddleware::new(SignerMiddleware::new(provider, wallet__), address),
+                    gas_oracle,
+                ),
+            )),
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+impl SignablePythContract {
+    pub async fn from_config(chain_config: &EthereumConfig, private_key: &str) -> Result<Self> {
+        let provider = Provider::<Http>::try_from(&chain_config.geth_rpc_addr)?;
+        Self::from_config_and_provider(chain_config, private_key, provider).await
+    }
+}
+
+impl InstrumentedSignablePythContract {
+    pub async fn from_config(
+        chain_config: &EthereumConfig,
+        private_key: &str,
+        chain_id: ChainId,
+        metrics: Arc<RpcMetrics>,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        let provider = TracedClient::new(chain_id, &chain_config.geth_rpc_addr, metrics)?;
+        Self::from_config_and_provider(chain_config, private_key, provider).await
+    }
+}
+
+impl PythContract {
+    pub fn from_config(chain_config: &EthereumConfig) -> Result<Self> {
+        let provider = Provider::<Http>::try_from(&chain_config.geth_rpc_addr)?;
+
+        Ok(PythRandom::new(
+            chain_config.contract_addr,
+            Arc::new(provider),
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+impl InstrumentedPythContract {
+    pub fn from_config(
+        chain_config: &EthereumConfig,
+        chain_id: ChainId,
+        metrics: Arc<RpcMetrics>,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        let provider = TracedClient::new(chain_id, &chain_config.geth_rpc_addr, metrics)?;
+
+        Ok(PythRandom::new(
+            chain_config.contract_addr,
+            Arc::new(provider),
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl<T: JsonRpcClient + 'static> EntropyReader for PythRandom<Provider<T>> {
+    async fn get_request(
+        &self,
+        provider_address: Address,
+        sequence_number: u64,
+    ) -> Result<Option<reader::Request>> {
+        let r = self
+            .get_request(provider_address, sequence_number)
+            // TODO: This doesn't work for lighlink right now. Figure out how to do this in lightlink
+            // .block(ethers::core::types::BlockNumber::Finalized)
+            .call()
+            .await?;
+
+        // sequence_number == 0 means the request does not exist.
+        if r.sequence_number != 0 {
+            Ok(Some(reader::Request {
+                provider: r.provider,
+                sequence_number: r.sequence_number,
+                block_number: r.block_number,
+                use_blockhash: r.use_blockhash,
+            }))
+        } else {
+            Ok(None)
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn get_block_number(&self, confirmed_block_status: BlockStatus) -> Result<BlockNumber> {
+        let block_number: EthersBlockNumber = confirmed_block_status.into();
+        let block = self
+            .client()
+            .get_block(block_number)
+            .await?
+            .ok_or_else(|| Error::msg("pending block confirmation"))?;
+
+        Ok(block
+            .number
+            .ok_or_else(|| Error::msg("pending confirmation"))?
+            .as_u64())
+    }
+
+    async fn get_request_with_callback_events(
+        &self,
+        from_block: BlockNumber,
+        to_block: BlockNumber,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<RequestedWithCallbackEvent>> {
+        let mut event = self.requested_with_callback_filter();
+        event.filter = event.filter.from_block(from_block).to_block(to_block);
+
+        let res: Vec<RequestedWithCallbackFilter> = event.query().await?;
+
+        Ok(res
+            .iter()
+            .map(|r| RequestedWithCallbackEvent {
+                sequence_number: r.sequence_number,
+                user_random_number: r.user_random_number,
+                provider_address: r.request.provider,
+            })
+            .collect())
+    }
+
+    async fn estimate_reveal_with_callback_gas(
+        &self,
+        sender: Address,
+        provider: Address,
+        sequence_number: u64,
+        user_random_number: [u8; 32],
+        provider_revelation: [u8; 32],
+    ) -> Result<U256> {
+        let result = self
+            .reveal_with_callback(
+                provider,
+                sequence_number,
+                user_random_number,
+                provider_revelation,
+            )
+            .from(sender)
+            .estimate_gas()
+            .await;
+
+        result.map_err(|e| e.into())
+    }
+}

apps/argus/src/chain/reader.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+use {
+    anyhow::Result,
+    axum::async_trait,
+    ethers::types::{Address, BlockNumber as EthersBlockNumber, U256},
+};
+
+pub type BlockNumber = u64;
+
+#[derive(
+    Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize,
+)]
+pub enum BlockStatus {
+    /// Latest block
+    #[default]
+    Latest,
+    /// Finalized block accepted as canonical
+    Finalized,
+    /// Safe head block
+    Safe,
+}
+
+impl From<BlockStatus> for EthersBlockNumber {
+    fn from(val: BlockStatus) -> Self {
+        match val {
+            BlockStatus::Latest => EthersBlockNumber::Latest,
+            BlockStatus::Finalized => EthersBlockNumber::Finalized,
+            BlockStatus::Safe => EthersBlockNumber::Safe,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct RequestedWithCallbackEvent {
+    pub sequence_number: u64,
+    pub user_random_number: [u8; 32],
+    pub provider_address: Address,
+}
+
+/// EntropyReader is the read-only interface of the Entropy contract.
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait EntropyReader: Send + Sync {
+    /// Get an in-flight request (if it exists)
+    /// Note that if we support additional blockchains in the future, the type of `provider` may
+    /// need to become more generic.
+    async fn get_request(&self, provider: Address, sequence_number: u64)
+        -> Result<Option<Request>>;
+
+    async fn get_block_number(&self, confirmed_block_status: BlockStatus) -> Result<BlockNumber>;
+
+    async fn get_request_with_callback_events(
+        &self,
+        from_block: BlockNumber,
+        to_block: BlockNumber,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<RequestedWithCallbackEvent>>;
+
+    /// Estimate the gas required to reveal a random number with a callback.
+    async fn estimate_reveal_with_callback_gas(
+        &self,
+        sender: Address,
+        provider: Address,
+        sequence_number: u64,
+        user_random_number: [u8; 32],
+        provider_revelation: [u8; 32],
+    ) -> Result<U256>;
+}
+
+/// An in-flight request stored in the contract.
+/// (This struct is missing many fields that are defined in the contract, as they
+/// aren't used in fortuna anywhere. Feel free to add any missing fields as necessary.)
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct Request {
+    pub provider: Address,
+    pub sequence_number: u64,
+    // The block number where this request was created
+    pub block_number: BlockNumber,
+    pub use_blockhash: bool,
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub mod mock {
+    use {
+        crate::chain::reader::{BlockNumber, BlockStatus, EntropyReader, Request},
+        anyhow::Result,
+        axum::async_trait,
+        ethers::types::{Address, U256},
+        std::sync::RwLock,
+    };
+
+    /// Mock version of the entropy contract intended for testing.
+    /// This class is internally locked to allow tests to modify the in-flight requests while
+    /// the API is also holding a pointer to the same data structure.
+    pub struct MockEntropyReader {
+        block_number: RwLock<BlockNumber>,
+        /// The set of requests that are currently in-flight.
+        requests: RwLock<Vec<Request>>,
+    }
+
+    impl MockEntropyReader {
+        pub fn with_requests(
+            block_number: BlockNumber,
+            requests: &[(Address, u64, BlockNumber, bool)],
+        ) -> MockEntropyReader {
+            MockEntropyReader {
+                block_number: RwLock::new(block_number),
+                requests: RwLock::new(
+                    requests
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|&(a, s, b, u)| Request {
+                            provider: a,
+                            sequence_number: s,
+                            block_number: b,
+                            use_blockhash: u,
+                        })
+                        .collect(),
+                ),
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// Insert a new request into the set of in-flight requests.
+        pub fn insert(
+            &self,
+            provider: Address,
+            sequence: u64,
+            block_number: BlockNumber,
+            use_blockhash: bool,
+        ) -> &Self {
+            self.requests.write().unwrap().push(Request {
+                provider,
+                sequence_number: sequence,
+                block_number,
+                use_blockhash,
+            });
+            self
+        }
+
+        pub fn set_block_number(&self, block_number: BlockNumber) -> &Self {
+            *(self.block_number.write().unwrap()) = block_number;
+            self
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[async_trait]
+    impl EntropyReader for MockEntropyReader {
+        async fn get_request(
+            &self,
+            provider: Address,
+            sequence_number: u64,
+        ) -> Result<Option<Request>> {
+            Ok(self
+                .requests
+                .read()
+                .unwrap()
+                .iter()
+                .find(|&r| r.sequence_number == sequence_number && r.provider == provider)
+                .map(|r| (*r).clone()))
+        }
+
+        async fn get_block_number(
+            &self,
+            _confirmed_block_status: BlockStatus,
+        ) -> Result<BlockNumber> {
+            Ok(*self.block_number.read().unwrap())
+        }
+
+        async fn get_request_with_callback_events(
+            &self,
+            _from_block: BlockNumber,
+            _to_block: BlockNumber,
+        ) -> Result<Vec<super::RequestedWithCallbackEvent>> {
+            Ok(vec![])
+        }
+
+        async fn estimate_reveal_with_callback_gas(
+            &self,
+            _sender: Address,
+            _provider: Address,
+            _sequence_number: u64,
+            _user_random_number: [u8; 32],
+            _provider_revelation: [u8; 32],
+        ) -> Result<U256> {
+            Ok(U256::from(5))
+        }
+    }
+}

apps/argus/src/command.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+mod get_request;
+mod inspect;
+mod register_provider;
+mod run;
+mod setup_provider;
+mod withdraw_fees;
+
+pub use {
+    get_request::get_request, inspect::inspect,
+    register_provider::register_provider, run::run,
+    setup_provider::setup_provider, withdraw_fees::withdraw_fees,
+};

apps/argus/src/command/get_request.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        chain::ethereum::PythContract,
+        config::{Config, GetRequestOptions},
+    },
+    anyhow::Result,
+    std::sync::Arc,
+};
+
+/// Get the on-chain request metadata for a provider and sequence number.
+pub async fn get_request(opts: &GetRequestOptions) -> Result<()> {
+    // Initialize a Provider to interface with the EVM contract.
+    let contract = Arc::new(PythContract::from_config(
+        &Config::load(&opts.config.config)?.get_chain_config(&opts.chain_id)?,
+    )?);
+
+    let r = contract
+        .get_request(opts.provider, opts.sequence)
+        .call()
+        .await?;
+    tracing::info!("Found request: {:?}", r);
+
+    Ok(())
+}

apps/argus/src/command/inspect.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        chain::ethereum::{PythContract, Request},
+        config::{Config, EthereumConfig, InspectOptions},
+    },
+    anyhow::Result,
+    ethers::{
+        contract::Multicall,
+        middleware::Middleware,
+        prelude::{Http, Provider},
+    },
+};
+
+pub async fn inspect(opts: &InspectOptions) -> Result<()> {
+    match opts.chain_id.clone() {
+        Some(chain_id) => {
+            let chain_config = &Config::load(&opts.config.config)?.get_chain_config(&chain_id)?;
+            inspect_chain(chain_config, opts.num_requests, opts.multicall_batch_size).await?;
+        }
+        None => {
+            let config = Config::load(&opts.config.config)?;
+            for (chain_id, chain_config) in config.chains.iter() {
+                println!("Inspecting chain: {}", chain_id);
+                inspect_chain(chain_config, opts.num_requests, opts.multicall_batch_size).await?;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn inspect_chain(
+    chain_config: &EthereumConfig,
+    num_requests: u64,
+    multicall_batch_size: u64,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let rpc_provider = Provider::<Http>::try_from(&chain_config.geth_rpc_addr)?;
+    let multicall_exists = rpc_provider
+        .get_code(ethers::contract::MULTICALL_ADDRESS, None)
+        .await
+        .expect("Failed to get code")
+        .len()
+        > 0;
+
+    let contract = PythContract::from_config(chain_config)?;
+    let entropy_provider = contract.get_default_provider().call().await?;
+    let provider_info = contract.get_provider_info(entropy_provider).call().await?;
+    let mut current_request_number = provider_info.sequence_number;
+    println!("Initial request number: {}", current_request_number);
+    let last_request_number = current_request_number.saturating_sub(num_requests);
+    if multicall_exists {
+        println!("Using multicall");
+        let mut multicall = Multicall::new(
+            rpc_provider.clone(),
+            Some(ethers::contract::MULTICALL_ADDRESS),
+        )
+        .await?;
+        while current_request_number > last_request_number {
+            multicall.clear_calls();
+            for _ in 0..multicall_batch_size {
+                if current_request_number == 0 {
+                    break;
+                }
+                multicall.add_call(
+                    contract.get_request(entropy_provider, current_request_number),
+                    false,
+                );
+                current_request_number -= 1;
+            }
+            let return_data: Vec<Request> = multicall.call_array().await?;
+            for request in return_data {
+                process_request(rpc_provider.clone(), request).await?;
+            }
+            println!("Current request number: {}", current_request_number);
+        }
+    } else {
+        println!("Multicall not deployed in this chain, fetching requests one by one");
+        while current_request_number > last_request_number {
+            let request = contract
+                .get_request(entropy_provider, current_request_number)
+                .call()
+                .await?;
+            process_request(rpc_provider.clone(), request).await?;
+            current_request_number -= 1;
+            if current_request_number % 100 == 0 {
+                println!("Current request number: {}", current_request_number);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn process_request(rpc_provider: Provider<Http>, request: Request) -> Result<()> {
+    if request.sequence_number != 0 && request.is_request_with_callback {
+        let block = rpc_provider
+            .get_block(request.block_number)
+            .await?
+            .expect("Block not found");
+        let datetime = chrono::DateTime::from_timestamp(block.timestamp.as_u64() as i64, 0)
+            .expect("Invalid timestamp");
+        println!(
+            "{} sequence_number:{} block_number:{} requester:{}",
+            datetime, request.sequence_number, request.block_number, request.requester
+        );
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}

apps/argus/src/command/register_provider.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::{get_register_uri, ChainId},
+        chain::ethereum::SignablePythContract,
+        config::{Config, EthereumConfig, ProviderConfig, RegisterProviderOptions},
+        state::PebbleHashChain,
+    },
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Result},
+    ethers::{
+        abi::Bytes,
+        signers::{LocalWallet, Signer},
+        types::U256,
+    },
+    std::sync::Arc,
+};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct CommitmentMetadata {
+    pub seed: [u8; 32],
+    pub chain_length: u64,
+}
+
+/// Register as a randomness provider. This method will generate and commit to a new random
+/// hash chain from the configured secret & a newly generated random value.
+pub async fn register_provider(opts: &RegisterProviderOptions) -> Result<()> {
+    let config = Config::load(&opts.config.config)?;
+    let chain_config = config.get_chain_config(&opts.chain_id)?;
+
+    register_provider_from_config(&config.provider, &opts.chain_id, &chain_config).await?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub async fn register_provider_from_config(
+    provider_config: &ProviderConfig,
+    chain_id: &ChainId,
+    chain_config: &EthereumConfig,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let private_key_string = provider_config.private_key.load()?.ok_or(anyhow!(
+        "Please specify a provider private key in the config"
+    ))?;
+
+    // Initialize a Provider to interface with the EVM contract.
+    let contract =
+        Arc::new(SignablePythContract::from_config(chain_config, &private_key_string).await?);
+    // Create a new random hash chain.
+    let random = rand::random::<[u8; 32]>();
+    let secret = provider_config
+        .secret
+        .load()?
+        .ok_or(anyhow!("Please specify a provider secret in the config"))?;
+
+    let commitment_length = provider_config.chain_length;
+    tracing::info!("Generating hash chain");
+    let chain = PebbleHashChain::from_config(
+        &secret,
+        chain_id,
+        &private_key_string.parse::<LocalWallet>()?.address(),
+        &chain_config.contract_addr,
+        &random,
+        commitment_length,
+        provider_config.chain_sample_interval,
+    )?;
+    tracing::info!("Done generating hash chain");
+
+    // Arguments to the contract to register our new provider.
+    let fee_in_wei = chain_config.fee;
+    let commitment = chain.reveal_ith(0)?;
+    // Store the random seed and chain length in the metadata field so that we can regenerate the hash
+    // chain at-will. (This is secure because you can't generate the chain unless you also have the secret)
+    let commitment_metadata = CommitmentMetadata {
+        seed: random,
+        chain_length: commitment_length,
+    };
+    let uri = get_register_uri(&provider_config.uri, chain_id)?;
+    let call = contract.register(
+        fee_in_wei,
+        commitment,
+        bincode::serialize(&commitment_metadata)?.into(),
+        commitment_length,
+        // Use Bytes to serialize the uri. Most users will be using JS/TS to deserialize this uri.
+        // Bincode is a different encoding mechanisms, and I didn't find any JS/TS library to parse bincode.
+        Bytes::from(uri.as_str()).into(),
+    );
+    let mut gas_estimate = call.estimate_gas().await?;
+    let gas_multiplier = U256::from(2); //TODO: smarter gas estimation
+    gas_estimate *= gas_multiplier;
+    let call_with_gas = call.gas(gas_estimate);
+    if let Some(r) = call_with_gas.send().await?.await? {
+        tracing::info!("Registered provider: {:?}", r);
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}

apps/argus/src/command/run.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::{self, BlockchainState, ChainId},
+        chain::ethereum::InstrumentedPythContract,
+        command::register_provider::CommitmentMetadata,
+        config::{Commitment, Config, EthereumConfig, RunOptions},
+        keeper::{self, keeper_metrics::KeeperMetrics},
+        state::{HashChainState, PebbleHashChain},
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::traced_client::{RpcMetrics, TracedClient},
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Error, Result},
+    axum::Router,
+    ethers::{
+        middleware::Middleware,
+        types::{Address, BlockNumber},
+    },
+    futures::future::join_all,
+    prometheus_client::{
+        encoding::EncodeLabelSet,
+        metrics::{family::Family, gauge::Gauge},
+        registry::Registry,
+    },
+    std::{
+        collections::HashMap,
+        net::SocketAddr,
+        sync::Arc,
+        time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH},
+    },
+    tokio::{
+        spawn,
+        sync::{watch, RwLock},
+        time,
+    },
+    tower_http::cors::CorsLayer,
+};
+
+/// Track metrics in this interval
+const TRACK_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
+
+pub async fn run_api(
+    socket_addr: SocketAddr,
+    chains: HashMap<String, api::BlockchainState>,
+    metrics_registry: Arc<RwLock<Registry>>,
+    mut rx_exit: watch::Receiver<bool>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let api_state = api::ApiState::new(chains, metrics_registry).await;
+
+    // Initialize Axum Router. Note the type here is a `Router<State>` due to the use of the
+    // `with_state` method which replaces `Body` with `State` in the type signature.
+    let app = Router::new();
+    let app = app
+        .merge(api::routes(api_state))
+        // Permissive CORS layer to allow all origins
+        .layer(CorsLayer::permissive());
+
+    tracing::info!("Starting server on: {:?}", &socket_addr);
+    // Binds the axum's server to the configured address and port. This is a blocking call and will
+    // not return until the server is shutdown.
+    axum::Server::try_bind(&socket_addr)?
+        .serve(app.into_make_service())
+        .with_graceful_shutdown(async {
+            // It can return an error or an Ok(()). In both cases, we would shut down.
+            // As Ok(()) means, exit signal (ctrl + c) was received.
+            // And Err(e) means, the sender was dropped which should not be the case.
+            let _ = rx_exit.changed().await;
+
+            tracing::info!("Shutting down RPC server...");
+        })
+        .await?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub async fn run_keeper(
+    chains: HashMap<String, api::BlockchainState>,
+    config: Config,
+    private_key: String,
+    metrics_registry: Arc<RwLock<Registry>>,
+    rpc_metrics: Arc<RpcMetrics>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let mut handles = Vec::new();
+    let keeper_metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics> = Arc::new({
+        let chain_labels: Vec<(String, Address)> = chains
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(id, state)| (id.clone(), state.provider_address))
+            .collect();
+        KeeperMetrics::new(metrics_registry.clone(), chain_labels).await
+    });
+    for (chain_id, chain_config) in chains {
+        let chain_eth_config = config
+            .chains
+            .get(&chain_id)
+            .expect("All chains should be present in the config file")
+            .clone();
+        let private_key = private_key.clone();
+        handles.push(spawn(keeper::run_keeper_threads(
+            private_key,
+            chain_eth_config,
+            chain_config.clone(),
+            keeper_metrics.clone(),
+            rpc_metrics.clone(),
+        )));
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub async fn run(opts: &RunOptions) -> Result<()> {
+    let config = Config::load(&opts.config.config)?;
+    let secret = config.provider.secret.load()?.ok_or(anyhow!(
+        "Please specify a provider secret in the config file."
+    ))?;
+    let (tx_exit, rx_exit) = watch::channel(false);
+    let metrics_registry = Arc::new(RwLock::new(Registry::default()));
+    let rpc_metrics = Arc::new(RpcMetrics::new(metrics_registry.clone()).await);
+
+    let mut tasks = Vec::new();
+    for (chain_id, chain_config) in config.chains.clone() {
+        let secret_copy = secret.clone();
+        let rpc_metrics = rpc_metrics.clone();
+        tasks.push(spawn(async move {
+            let state = setup_chain_state(
+                &config.provider.address,
+                &secret_copy,
+                config.provider.chain_sample_interval,
+                &chain_id,
+                &chain_config,
+                rpc_metrics,
+            )
+            .await;
+
+            (chain_id, state)
+        }));
+    }
+    let states = join_all(tasks).await;
+
+    let mut chains: HashMap<ChainId, BlockchainState> = HashMap::new();
+    for result in states {
+        let (chain_id, state) = result?;
+
+        match state {
+            Ok(state) => {
+                chains.insert(chain_id.clone(), state);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::error!("Failed to setup {} {}", chain_id, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if chains.is_empty() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("No chains were successfully setup"));
+    }
+
+    // Listen for Ctrl+C so we can set the exit flag and wait for a graceful shutdown.
+    spawn(async move {
+        tracing::info!("Registered shutdown signal handler...");
+        tokio::signal::ctrl_c().await.unwrap();
+        tracing::info!("Shut down signal received, waiting for tasks...");
+        // no need to handle error here, as it will only occur when all the
+        // receiver has been dropped and that's what we want to do
+        tx_exit.send(true)?;
+
+        Ok::<(), Error>(())
+    });
+
+    if let Some(keeper_private_key) = config.keeper.private_key.load()? {
+        spawn(run_keeper(
+            chains.clone(),
+            config.clone(),
+            keeper_private_key,
+            metrics_registry.clone(),
+            rpc_metrics.clone(),
+        ));
+    } else {
+        tracing::info!("Not starting keeper service: no keeper private key specified. Please add one to the config if you would like to run the keeper service.")
+    }
+
+    // Spawn a thread to track latest block lag. This helps us know if the rpc is up and updated with the latest block.
+    spawn(track_block_timestamp_lag(
+        config,
+        metrics_registry.clone(),
+        rpc_metrics.clone(),
+    ));
+
+    run_api(opts.addr, chains, metrics_registry, rx_exit).await?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn setup_chain_state(
+    provider: &Address,
+    secret: &str,
+    chain_sample_interval: u64,
+    chain_id: &ChainId,
+    chain_config: &EthereumConfig,
+    rpc_metrics: Arc<RpcMetrics>,
+) -> Result<BlockchainState> {
+    let contract = Arc::new(InstrumentedPythContract::from_config(
+        chain_config,
+        chain_id.clone(),
+        rpc_metrics,
+    )?);
+    let mut provider_commitments = chain_config.commitments.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+    provider_commitments.sort_by(|c1, c2| {
+        c1.original_commitment_sequence_number
+            .cmp(&c2.original_commitment_sequence_number)
+    });
+
+    let provider_info = contract.get_provider_info(*provider).call().await?;
+    let latest_metadata = bincode::deserialize::<CommitmentMetadata>(
+        &provider_info.commitment_metadata,
+    )
+    .map_err(|e| {
+        anyhow!(
+            "Chain: {} - Failed to deserialize commitment metadata: {}",
+            &chain_id,
+            e
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let last_prior_commitment = provider_commitments.last();
+    if last_prior_commitment.is_some()
+        && last_prior_commitment
+            .unwrap()
+            .original_commitment_sequence_number
+            >= provider_info.original_commitment_sequence_number
+    {
+        return Err(anyhow!("The current hash chain for chain id {} has configured commitments for sequence numbers greater than the current on-chain sequence number. Are the commitments configured correctly?", &chain_id));
+    }
+
+    provider_commitments.push(Commitment {
+        seed: latest_metadata.seed,
+        chain_length: latest_metadata.chain_length,
+        original_commitment_sequence_number: provider_info.original_commitment_sequence_number,
+    });
+
+    // TODO: we may want to load the hash chain in a lazy/fault-tolerant way. If there are many blockchains,
+    // then it's more likely that some RPC fails. We should tolerate these faults and generate the hash chain
+    // later when a user request comes in for that chain.
+
+    let mut offsets = Vec::<usize>::new();
+    let mut hash_chains = Vec::<PebbleHashChain>::new();
+
+    for commitment in &provider_commitments {
+        let offset = commitment.original_commitment_sequence_number.try_into()?;
+        offsets.push(offset);
+
+        let pebble_hash_chain = PebbleHashChain::from_config(
+            secret,
+            chain_id,
+            provider,
+            &chain_config.contract_addr,
+            &commitment.seed,
+            commitment.chain_length,
+            chain_sample_interval,
+        )
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to create hash chain: {}", e))?;
+        hash_chains.push(pebble_hash_chain);
+    }
+
+    let chain_state = HashChainState {
+        offsets,
+        hash_chains,
+    };
+
+    if chain_state.reveal(provider_info.original_commitment_sequence_number)?
+        != provider_info.original_commitment
+    {
+        return Err(anyhow!("The root of the generated hash chain for chain id {} does not match the commitment. Are the secret and chain length configured correctly?", &chain_id));
+    } else {
+        tracing::info!("Root of chain id {} matches commitment", &chain_id);
+    }
+
+    let state = BlockchainState {
+        id: chain_id.clone(),
+        state: Arc::new(chain_state),
+        contract,
+        provider_address: *provider,
+        reveal_delay_blocks: chain_config.reveal_delay_blocks,
+        confirmed_block_status: chain_config.confirmed_block_status,
+    };
+    Ok(state)
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, EncodeLabelSet)]
+pub struct ChainLabel {
+    pub chain_id: String,
+}
+
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "block_timestamp_lag", skip_all, fields(chain_id = chain_id))]
+pub async fn check_block_timestamp_lag(
+    chain_id: String,
+    chain_config: EthereumConfig,
+    metrics: Family<ChainLabel, Gauge>,
+    rpc_metrics: Arc<RpcMetrics>,
+) {
+    let provider =
+        match TracedClient::new(chain_id.clone(), &chain_config.geth_rpc_addr, rpc_metrics) {
+            Ok(r) => r,
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::error!("Failed to create provider for chain id - {:?}", e);
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+
+    const INF_LAG: i64 = 1000000; // value that definitely triggers an alert
+    let lag = match provider.get_block(BlockNumber::Latest).await {
+        Ok(block) => match block {
+            Some(block) => {
+                let block_timestamp = block.timestamp;
+                let server_timestamp = SystemTime::now()
+                    .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .as_secs();
+                let lag: i64 = (server_timestamp as i64) - (block_timestamp.as_u64() as i64);
+                lag
+            }
+            None => {
+                tracing::error!("Block is None");
+                INF_LAG
+            }
+        },
+        Err(e) => {
+            tracing::error!("Failed to get block - {:?}", e);
+            INF_LAG
+        }
+    };
+    metrics
+        .get_or_create(&ChainLabel {
+            chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+        })
+        .set(lag);
+}
+
+/// Tracks the difference between the server timestamp and the latest block timestamp for each chain
+pub async fn track_block_timestamp_lag(
+    config: Config,
+    metrics_registry: Arc<RwLock<Registry>>,
+    rpc_metrics: Arc<RpcMetrics>,
+) {
+    let metrics = Family::<ChainLabel, Gauge>::default();
+    metrics_registry.write().await.register(
+        "block_timestamp_lag",
+        "The difference between server timestamp and latest block timestamp",
+        metrics.clone(),
+    );
+    loop {
+        for (chain_id, chain_config) in &config.chains {
+            spawn(check_block_timestamp_lag(
+                chain_id.clone(),
+                chain_config.clone(),
+                metrics.clone(),
+                rpc_metrics.clone(),
+            ));
+        }
+
+        time::sleep(TRACK_INTERVAL).await;
+    }
+}

apps/argus/src/command/setup_provider.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::{get_register_uri, ChainId},
+        chain::ethereum::{ProviderInfo, SignablePythContract},
+        command::register_provider::{register_provider_from_config, CommitmentMetadata},
+        config::{Config, EthereumConfig, SetupProviderOptions},
+        state::{HashChainState, PebbleHashChain},
+    },
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Result},
+    ethers::{
+        abi::Bytes as AbiBytes,
+        signers::{LocalWallet, Signer},
+        types::{Address, Bytes},
+    },
+    futures::future::join_all,
+    std::sync::Arc,
+    tokio::spawn,
+    tracing::Instrument,
+};
+
+/// Setup provider for all the chains.
+pub async fn setup_provider(opts: &SetupProviderOptions) -> Result<()> {
+    let config = Config::load(&opts.config.config)?;
+    let setup_tasks = config
+        .chains
+        .clone()
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|(chain_id, chain_config)| {
+            let config = config.clone();
+            spawn(async move {
+                (
+                    setup_chain_provider(&config, &chain_id, &chain_config).await,
+                    chain_id,
+                )
+            })
+        })
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    let join_results = join_all(setup_tasks).await;
+    let mut all_ok = true;
+    for join_result in join_results {
+        let (setup_result, chain_id) = join_result?;
+        match setup_result {
+            Ok(()) => {}
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::error!("Failed to setup {} {}", chain_id, e);
+                all_ok = false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    match all_ok {
+        true => Ok(()),
+        false => Err(anyhow!("Failed to setup provider for all chains")),
+    }
+}
+
+/// Setup provider for a single chain.
+/// 1. Register if there was no previous registration.
+/// 2. Re-register if there are no more random numbers to request on the contract.
+/// 3. Re-register if there is a mismatch in generated hash chain.
+/// 4. Update provider fee if there is a mismatch with the fee set on contract.
+/// 5. Update provider uri if there is a mismatch with the uri set on contract.
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "setup_chain_provider", skip_all, fields(chain_id = chain_id))]
+async fn setup_chain_provider(
+    config: &Config,
+    chain_id: &ChainId,
+    chain_config: &EthereumConfig,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    tracing::info!("Setting up provider for chain: {0}", chain_id);
+    let provider_config = &config.provider;
+    let private_key = provider_config.private_key.load()?.ok_or(anyhow!(
+        "Please specify a provider private key in the config file."
+    ))?;
+    let provider_address = private_key.clone().parse::<LocalWallet>()?.address();
+    // Initialize a Provider to interface with the EVM contract.
+    let contract = Arc::new(SignablePythContract::from_config(chain_config, &private_key).await?);
+
+    tracing::info!("Fetching provider info");
+    let provider_info = contract.get_provider_info(provider_address).call().await?;
+    tracing::info!("Provider info: {:?}", provider_info);
+
+    let mut register = false;
+
+    // This condition satisfies for both when there is no registration and when there are no
+    // more random numbers left to request
+    if provider_info.end_sequence_number <= provider_info.sequence_number {
+        tracing::info!(
+            "endSequenceNumber <= sequenceNumber. endSequenceNumber={}, sequenceNumber={}",
+            provider_info.end_sequence_number,
+            provider_info.sequence_number
+        );
+        register = true;
+    } else {
+        let metadata =
+            bincode::deserialize::<CommitmentMetadata>(&provider_info.commitment_metadata)
+                .map_err(|e| {
+                    anyhow!(
+                        "Chain: {} - Failed to deserialize commitment metadata: {}",
+                        &chain_id,
+                        e
+                    )
+                })?;
+
+        let secret = provider_config.secret.load()?.ok_or(anyhow!(
+            "Please specify a provider secret in the config file."
+        ))?;
+        if metadata.chain_length != provider_config.chain_length {
+            tracing::info!(
+                "Chain length mismatch. metadata.chain_length={}, provider_config.chain_length={}",
+                metadata.chain_length,
+                provider_config.chain_length
+            );
+            register = true;
+        } else {
+            let hash_chain = PebbleHashChain::from_config(
+                &secret,
+                chain_id,
+                &provider_address,
+                &chain_config.contract_addr,
+                &metadata.seed,
+                provider_config.chain_length,
+                provider_config.chain_sample_interval,
+            )?;
+            let chain_state = HashChainState {
+                offsets: vec![provider_info
+                    .original_commitment_sequence_number
+                    .try_into()?],
+                hash_chains: vec![hash_chain],
+            };
+
+            if chain_state.reveal(provider_info.original_commitment_sequence_number)?
+                != provider_info.original_commitment
+            {
+                tracing::info!(
+                    "The root of the generated hash chain does not match the commitment",
+                );
+                register = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if register {
+        tracing::info!("Registering");
+        register_provider_from_config(provider_config, chain_id, chain_config)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Chain: {} - Failed to register provider: {}", &chain_id, e))?;
+        tracing::info!("Registered");
+    }
+
+    let provider_info = contract.get_provider_info(provider_address).call().await?;
+
+    sync_fee(&contract, &provider_info, chain_config.fee)
+        .in_current_span()
+        .await?;
+
+    let uri = get_register_uri(&provider_config.uri, chain_id)?;
+    sync_uri(&contract, &provider_info, uri)
+        .in_current_span()
+        .await?;
+
+    sync_fee_manager(
+        &contract,
+        &provider_info,
+        provider_config.fee_manager.unwrap_or(Address::zero()),
+    )
+    .in_current_span()
+    .await?;
+
+    sync_max_num_hashes(
+        &contract,
+        &provider_info,
+        chain_config.max_num_hashes.unwrap_or(0),
+    )
+    .in_current_span()
+    .await?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn sync_uri(
+    contract: &Arc<SignablePythContract>,
+    provider_info: &ProviderInfo,
+    uri: String,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let uri_as_bytes: Bytes = AbiBytes::from(uri.as_str()).into();
+    if provider_info.uri != uri_as_bytes {
+        tracing::info!("Updating provider uri to {}", uri);
+        if let Some(receipt) = contract
+            .set_provider_uri(uri_as_bytes)
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?
+        {
+            tracing::info!("Updated provider uri: {:?}", receipt);
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn sync_fee(
+    contract: &Arc<SignablePythContract>,
+    provider_info: &ProviderInfo,
+    provider_fee: u128,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    if provider_info.fee_in_wei != provider_fee {
+        tracing::info!("Updating provider fee {}", provider_fee);
+        if let Some(r) = contract
+            .set_provider_fee(provider_fee)
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?
+        {
+            tracing::info!("Updated provider fee: {:?}", r);
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn sync_fee_manager(
+    contract: &Arc<SignablePythContract>,
+    provider_info: &ProviderInfo,
+    fee_manager: Address,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    if provider_info.fee_manager != fee_manager {
+        tracing::info!("Updating provider fee manager to {:?}", fee_manager);
+        if let Some(receipt) = contract.set_fee_manager(fee_manager).send().await?.await? {
+            tracing::info!("Updated provider fee manager: {:?}", receipt);
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn sync_max_num_hashes(
+    contract: &Arc<SignablePythContract>,
+    provider_info: &ProviderInfo,
+    max_num_hashes: u32,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    if provider_info.max_num_hashes != max_num_hashes {
+        tracing::info!("Updating provider max num hashes to {:?}", max_num_hashes);
+        if let Some(receipt) = contract
+            .set_max_num_hashes(max_num_hashes)
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .await?
+        {
+            tracing::info!("Updated provider max num hashes to : {:?}", receipt);
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}

apps/argus/src/command/withdraw_fees.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        chain::ethereum::SignablePythContract,
+        config::{Config, WithdrawFeesOptions},
+    },
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Result},
+    ethers::{signers::Signer, types::Address},
+};
+
+pub async fn withdraw_fees(opts: &WithdrawFeesOptions) -> Result<()> {
+    let config = Config::load(&opts.config.config)?;
+
+    let private_key_string = if opts.keeper {
+        config.keeper.private_key.load()?.ok_or(anyhow!("Please specify a keeper private key in the config or omit the --keeper option to use the provider private key"))?
+    } else {
+        config.provider.private_key.load()?.ok_or(anyhow!(
+            "Please specify a provider private key in the config or provide the --keeper option to use the keeper private key instead."
+        ))?
+    };
+
+    match opts.chain_id.clone() {
+        Some(chain_id) => {
+            let chain_config = &config.get_chain_config(&chain_id)?;
+            let contract =
+                SignablePythContract::from_config(chain_config, &private_key_string).await?;
+
+            withdraw_fees_for_chain(
+                contract,
+                config.provider.address,
+                opts.keeper,
+                opts.retain_balance_wei,
+            )
+            .await?;
+        }
+        None => {
+            for (chain_id, chain_config) in config.chains.iter() {
+                tracing::info!("Withdrawing fees for chain: {}", chain_id);
+                let contract =
+                    SignablePythContract::from_config(chain_config, &private_key_string).await?;
+
+                withdraw_fees_for_chain(
+                    contract,
+                    config.provider.address,
+                    opts.keeper,
+                    opts.retain_balance_wei,
+                )
+                .await?;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub async fn withdraw_fees_for_chain(
+    contract: SignablePythContract,
+    provider_address: Address,
+    is_fee_manager: bool,
+    retained_balance: u128,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    tracing::info!("Fetching fees for provider: {:?}", provider_address);
+    let provider_info = contract.get_provider_info(provider_address).call().await?;
+    let fees = provider_info.accrued_fees_in_wei;
+    tracing::info!("Accrued fees: {} wei", fees);
+
+    let withdrawal_amount_wei = fees.saturating_sub(retained_balance);
+    if withdrawal_amount_wei > 0 {
+        tracing::info!(
+            "Withdrawing {} wei to {}...",
+            withdrawal_amount_wei,
+            contract.wallet().address()
+        );
+
+        let call = match is_fee_manager {
+            true => contract.withdraw_as_fee_manager(provider_address, withdrawal_amount_wei),
+            false => contract.withdraw(withdrawal_amount_wei),
+        };
+        let tx_result = call.send().await?.await?;
+
+        match &tx_result {
+            Some(receipt) => {
+                tracing::info!("Withdrawal transaction hash {:?}", receipt.transaction_hash);
+            }
+            None => {
+                tracing::warn!("No transaction receipt. Unclear what happened to the transaction");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}

apps/argus/src/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::ChainId,
+        chain::reader::{BlockNumber, BlockStatus},
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::utils::EscalationPolicy,
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Result},
+    clap::{crate_authors, crate_description, crate_name, crate_version, Args, Parser},
+    ethers::types::Address,
+    std::{collections::HashMap, fs},
+};
+pub use {
+    generate::GenerateOptions, get_request::GetRequestOptions, inspect::InspectOptions,
+    register_provider::RegisterProviderOptions, request_randomness::RequestRandomnessOptions,
+    run::RunOptions, setup_provider::SetupProviderOptions, withdraw_fees::WithdrawFeesOptions,
+};
+
+mod generate;
+mod get_request;
+mod inspect;
+mod register_provider;
+mod request_randomness;
+mod run;
+mod setup_provider;
+mod withdraw_fees;
+
+const DEFAULT_RPC_ADDR: &str = "127.0.0.1:34000";
+const DEFAULT_HTTP_ADDR: &str = "http://127.0.0.1:34000";
+
+#[derive(Parser, Debug)]
+#[command(name = crate_name!())]
+#[command(author = crate_authors!())]
+#[command(about = crate_description!())]
+#[command(version = crate_version!())]
+#[allow(clippy::large_enum_variant)]
+pub enum Options {
+    /// Run the Randomness Service.
+    Run(RunOptions),
+
+    /// Register a new provider with the Pyth Random oracle.
+    RegisterProvider(RegisterProviderOptions),
+
+    /// Set up the provider for all the provided chains.
+    /// It registers, re-registers, or updates provider config on chain.
+    SetupProvider(SetupProviderOptions),
+
+    /// Request a random number from the contract.
+    RequestRandomness(RequestRandomnessOptions),
+
+    /// Inspect recent requests and find unfulfilled requests with callback.
+    Inspect(InspectOptions),
+
+    /// Generate a random number by running the entire protocol end-to-end
+    Generate(GenerateOptions),
+
+    /// Get the status of a pending request for a random number.
+    GetRequest(GetRequestOptions),
+
+    /// Withdraw any of the provider's accumulated fees from the contract.
+    WithdrawFees(WithdrawFeesOptions),
+}
+
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+#[command(next_help_heading = "Config Options")]
+#[group(id = "Config")]
+pub struct ConfigOptions {
+    /// Path to a configuration file containing the list of supported blockchains
+    #[arg(long = "config")]
+    #[arg(env = "FORTUNA_CONFIG")]
+    #[arg(default_value = "config.yaml")]
+    pub config: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct Config {
+    pub chains: HashMap<ChainId, EthereumConfig>,
+    pub provider: ProviderConfig,
+    pub keeper: KeeperConfig,
+}
+
+impl Config {
+    pub fn load(path: &str) -> Result<Config> {
+        // Open and read the YAML file
+        // TODO: the default serde deserialization doesn't enforce unique keys
+        let yaml_content = fs::read_to_string(path)?;
+        let config: Config = serde_yaml::from_str(&yaml_content)?;
+
+        // Run correctness checks for the config and fail if there are any issues.
+        for (chain_id, config) in config.chains.iter() {
+            if !(config.min_profit_pct <= config.target_profit_pct
+                && config.target_profit_pct <= config.max_profit_pct)
+            {
+                return Err(anyhow!("chain id {:?} configuration is invalid. Config must satisfy min_profit_pct <= target_profit_pct <= max_profit_pct.", chain_id));
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(config)
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_chain_config(&self, chain_id: &ChainId) -> Result<EthereumConfig> {
+        self.chains.get(chain_id).cloned().ok_or(anyhow!(
+            "Could not find chain id {} in the configuration",
+            &chain_id
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct EthereumConfig {
+    /// URL of a Geth RPC endpoint to use for interacting with the blockchain.
+    /// TODO: Change type from String to Url
+    pub geth_rpc_addr: String,
+
+    /// URL of a Geth RPC wss endpoint to use for subscribing to blockchain events.
+    pub geth_rpc_wss: Option<String>,
+
+    /// Address of a Pyth Randomness contract to interact with.
+    pub contract_addr: Address,
+
+    /// reveal_delay_blocks - The difference between the block number with the
+    /// confirmed_block_status(see below) and the block number of a request to
+    /// Entropy should be greater than `reveal_delay_blocks` for Fortuna to reveal
+    /// its commitment.
+    pub reveal_delay_blocks: BlockNumber,
+
+    /// The BlockStatus of the block that is considered confirmed.
+    /// For example, Finalized, Safe, Latest
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub confirmed_block_status: BlockStatus,
+
+    /// Use the legacy transaction format (for networks without EIP 1559)
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub legacy_tx: bool,
+
+    /// The gas limit to use for entropy callback transactions.
+    pub gas_limit: u64,
+
+    /// The percentage multiplier to apply to priority fee estimates (100 = no change, e.g. 150 = 150% of base fee)
+    #[serde(default = "default_priority_fee_multiplier_pct")]
+    pub priority_fee_multiplier_pct: u64,
+
+    /// The escalation policy governs how the gas limit and fee are increased during backoff retries.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub escalation_policy: EscalationPolicyConfig,
+
+    /// The minimum percentage profit to earn as a function of the callback cost.
+    /// For example, 20 means a profit of 20% over the cost of a callback that uses the full gas limit.
+    /// The fee will be raised if the profit is less than this number.
+    /// The minimum value for this is -100. If set to < 0, it means the keeper may lose money on callbacks that use the full gas limit.
+    pub min_profit_pct: i64,
+
+    /// The target percentage profit to earn as a function of the callback cost.
+    /// For example, 20 means a profit of 20% over the cost of a callback that uses the full gas limit.
+    /// The fee will be set to this target whenever it falls outside the min/max bounds.
+    /// The minimum value for this is -100. If set to < 0, it means the keeper may lose money on callbacks that use the full gas limit.
+    pub target_profit_pct: i64,
+
+    /// The maximum percentage profit to earn as a function of the callback cost.
+    /// For example, 100 means a profit of 100% over the cost of a callback that uses the full gas limit.
+    /// The fee will be lowered if it is more profitable than specified here.
+    /// Must be larger than min_profit_pct.
+    /// The minimum value for this is -100. If set to < 0, it means the keeper may lose money on callbacks that use the full gas limit.
+    pub max_profit_pct: i64,
+
+    /// Minimum wallet balance for the keeper. If the balance falls below this level, the keeper will
+    /// withdraw fees from the contract to top up. This functionality requires the keeper to be the fee
+    /// manager for the provider.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub min_keeper_balance: u128,
+
+    /// How much the provider charges for a request on this chain.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub fee: u128,
+
+    /// Historical commitments made by the provider.
+    pub commitments: Option<Vec<Commitment>>,
+
+    /// Maximum number of hashes to record in a request.
+    /// This should be set according to the maximum gas limit the provider supports for callbacks.
+    pub max_num_hashes: Option<u32>,
+
+    /// A list of delays (in blocks) that indicates how many blocks should be delayed
+    /// before we process a block. For retry logic, we can process blocks multiple times
+    /// at each specified delay. For example: [5, 10, 20].
+    #[serde(default = "default_block_delays")]
+    pub block_delays: Vec<u64>,
+}
+
+fn default_block_delays() -> Vec<u64> {
+    vec![5]
+}
+
+fn default_priority_fee_multiplier_pct() -> u64 {
+    100
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct EscalationPolicyConfig {
+    // The keeper will perform the callback as long as the tx is within this percentage of the configured gas limit.
+    // Default value is 110, meaning a 10% tolerance over the configured value.
+    #[serde(default = "default_gas_limit_tolerance_pct")]
+    pub gas_limit_tolerance_pct: u64,
+
+    /// The initial gas multiplier to apply to the tx gas estimate
+    #[serde(default = "default_initial_gas_multiplier_pct")]
+    pub initial_gas_multiplier_pct: u64,
+
+    /// The gas multiplier to apply to the tx gas estimate during backoff retries.
+    /// The gas on each successive retry is multiplied by this value, with the maximum multiplier capped at `gas_multiplier_cap_pct`.
+    #[serde(default = "default_gas_multiplier_pct")]
+    pub gas_multiplier_pct: u64,
+    /// The maximum gas multiplier to apply to the tx gas estimate during backoff retries.
+    #[serde(default = "default_gas_multiplier_cap_pct")]
+    pub gas_multiplier_cap_pct: u64,
+
+    /// The fee multiplier to apply to the fee during backoff retries.
+    /// The initial fee is 100% of the estimate (which itself may be padded based on our chain configuration)
+    /// The fee on each successive retry is multiplied by this value, with the maximum multiplier capped at `fee_multiplier_cap_pct`.
+    #[serde(default = "default_fee_multiplier_pct")]
+    pub fee_multiplier_pct: u64,
+    #[serde(default = "default_fee_multiplier_cap_pct")]
+    pub fee_multiplier_cap_pct: u64,
+}
+
+fn default_gas_limit_tolerance_pct() -> u64 {
+    110
+}
+
+fn default_initial_gas_multiplier_pct() -> u64 {
+    125
+}
+
+fn default_gas_multiplier_pct() -> u64 {
+    110
+}
+
+fn default_gas_multiplier_cap_pct() -> u64 {
+    600
+}
+
+fn default_fee_multiplier_pct() -> u64 {
+    110
+}
+
+fn default_fee_multiplier_cap_pct() -> u64 {
+    200
+}
+
+impl Default for EscalationPolicyConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            gas_limit_tolerance_pct: default_gas_limit_tolerance_pct(),
+            initial_gas_multiplier_pct: default_initial_gas_multiplier_pct(),
+            gas_multiplier_pct: default_gas_multiplier_pct(),
+            gas_multiplier_cap_pct: default_gas_multiplier_cap_pct(),
+            fee_multiplier_pct: default_fee_multiplier_pct(),
+            fee_multiplier_cap_pct: default_fee_multiplier_cap_pct(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl EscalationPolicyConfig {
+    pub fn to_policy(&self) -> EscalationPolicy {
+        EscalationPolicy {
+            gas_limit_tolerance_pct: self.gas_limit_tolerance_pct,
+            initial_gas_multiplier_pct: self.initial_gas_multiplier_pct,
+            gas_multiplier_pct: self.gas_multiplier_pct,
+            gas_multiplier_cap_pct: self.gas_multiplier_cap_pct,
+            fee_multiplier_pct: self.fee_multiplier_pct,
+            fee_multiplier_cap_pct: self.fee_multiplier_cap_pct,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// A commitment that the provider used to generate random numbers at some point in the past.
+/// These historical commitments need to be stored in the configuration to support transition points where
+/// the commitment changes. In theory, this information is stored on the blockchain, but unfortunately it
+/// is hard to retrieve from there.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct Commitment {
+    pub seed: [u8; 32],
+    pub chain_length: u64,
+    pub original_commitment_sequence_number: u64,
+}
+
+/// Configuration values that are common to a single provider (and shared across chains).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct ProviderConfig {
+    /// The URI where clients can retrieve random values from this provider,
+    /// i.e., wherever fortuna for this provider will be hosted.
+    pub uri: String,
+
+    /// The public key of the provider whose requests the server will respond to.
+    pub address: Address,
+
+    /// The provider's private key, which is required to register, update the commitment,
+    /// or claim fees. This argument *will not* be loaded for commands that do not need
+    /// the private key (e.g., running the server).
+    pub private_key: SecretString,
+
+    /// The provider's secret which is a 64-char hex string.
+    /// The secret is used for generating new hash chains
+    pub secret: SecretString,
+
+    /// The length of the hash chain to generate.
+    pub chain_length: u64,
+
+    /// How frequently the hash chain is sampled -- increase this value to tradeoff more
+    /// compute per request for less RAM use.
+    #[serde(default = "default_chain_sample_interval")]
+    pub chain_sample_interval: u64,
+
+    /// The address of the fee manager for the provider. Set this value to the keeper wallet address to
+    /// enable keeper balance top-ups.
+    pub fee_manager: Option<Address>,
+}
+
+fn default_chain_sample_interval() -> u64 {
+    1
+}
+
+/// Configuration values for the keeper service that are shared across chains.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct KeeperConfig {
+    /// If provided, the keeper will run alongside the Fortuna API service.
+    /// The private key is a 20-byte (40 char) hex encoded Ethereum private key.
+    /// This key is required to submit transactions for entropy callback requests.
+    /// This key *does not need to be a registered provider*. In particular, production deployments
+    /// should ensure this is a different key in order to reduce the severity of security breaches.
+    pub private_key: SecretString,
+}
+
+// A secret is a string that can be provided either as a literal in the config,
+// or in a separate file. (The separate file option is useful for 1password mounting in production.)
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize)]
+pub struct SecretString {
+    pub value: Option<String>,
+
+    // The name of a file containing the string to read. Note that the file contents is trimmed
+    // of leading/trailing whitespace when read.
+    pub file: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl SecretString {
+    pub fn load(&self) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+        if let Some(v) = &self.value {
+            return Ok(Some(v.clone()));
+        }
+
+        if let Some(v) = &self.file {
+            return Ok(Some(fs::read_to_string(v)?.trim().to_string()));
+        }
+
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+}

apps/argus/src/config/generate.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+use {
+    crate::{api::ChainId, config::ConfigOptions},
+    clap::Args,
+    ethers::types::Address,
+    reqwest::Url,
+};
+
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+#[command(next_help_heading = "Generate Options")]
+#[group(id = "Generate")]
+pub struct GenerateOptions {
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub config: ConfigOptions,
+
+    /// The chain on which to submit the random number generation request.
+    #[arg(long = "chain-id")]
+    #[arg(env = "FORTUNA_CHAIN_ID")]
+    pub chain_id: ChainId,
+
+    /// A 20-byte (40 char) hex encoded Ethereum private key.
+    /// This key is required to submit transactions (such as registering with the contract).
+    #[arg(long = "private-key")]
+    #[arg(env = "PRIVATE_KEY")]
+    #[arg(default_value = None)]
+    pub private_key: String,
+
+    /// Submit a randomness request to this provider
+    #[arg(long = "provider")]
+    pub provider: Address,
+
+    #[arg(long = "url")]
+    #[arg(default_value = super::DEFAULT_HTTP_ADDR)]
+    pub url: Url,
+
+    #[arg(short = 'b')]
+    pub blockhash: bool,
+}

apps/argus/src/config/get_request.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+use {
+    crate::{api::ChainId, config::ConfigOptions},
+    clap::Args,
+    ethers::types::Address,
+};
+
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+#[command(next_help_heading = "Get Request Options")]
+#[group(id = "GetRequest")]
+pub struct GetRequestOptions {
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub config: ConfigOptions,
+
+    /// Retrieve a randomness request to this provider
+    #[arg(long = "chain-id")]
+    #[arg(env = "FORTUNA_CHAIN_ID")]
+    pub chain_id: ChainId,
+
+    /// Retrieve a randomness request to this provider
+    #[arg(long = "provider")]
+    #[arg(env = "FORTUNA_PROVIDER")]
+    pub provider: Address,
+
+    /// The sequence number of the request to retrieve
+    #[arg(long = "sequence")]
+    #[arg(env = "FORTUNA_SEQUENCE")]
+    #[arg(default_value = "0")]
+    pub sequence: u64,
+}

apps/argus/src/config/inspect.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+use {
+    crate::{api::ChainId, config::ConfigOptions},
+    clap::Args,
+};
+
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+#[command(next_help_heading = "Inspect Options")]
+#[group(id = "Inspect")]
+pub struct InspectOptions {
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub config: ConfigOptions,
+
+    /// Check the requests on this chain, or all chains if not specified.
+    #[arg(long = "chain-id")]
+    pub chain_id: Option<ChainId>,
+
+    /// The number of requests to inspect starting from the most recent request.
+    #[arg(long = "num-requests", default_value = "1000")]
+    pub num_requests: u64,
+
+    /// The number of calls to make in each batch when using multicall.
+    #[arg(long = "multicall-batch-size", default_value = "100")]
+    pub multicall_batch_size: u64,
+}

apps/argus/src/config/register_provider.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+use {
+    crate::{api::ChainId, config::ConfigOptions},
+    clap::Args,
+};
+
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+#[command(next_help_heading = "Register Provider Options")]
+#[group(id = "RegisterProvider")]
+pub struct RegisterProviderOptions {
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub config: ConfigOptions,
+
+    /// Register the provider on this chain
+    #[arg(long = "chain-id")]
+    #[arg(env = "FORTUNA_CHAIN_ID")]
+    pub chain_id: ChainId,
+}

apps/argus/src/config/request_randomness.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+use {
+    crate::{api::ChainId, config::ConfigOptions},
+    clap::Args,
+    ethers::types::Address,
+};
+
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+#[command(next_help_heading = "Request Randomness Options")]
+#[group(id = "RequestRandomness")]
+pub struct RequestRandomnessOptions {
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub config: ConfigOptions,
+
+    /// Request randomness on this blockchain.
+    #[arg(long = "chain-id")]
+    #[arg(env = "FORTUNA_CHAIN_ID")]
+    pub chain_id: ChainId,
+
+    /// A 20-byte (40 char) hex encoded Ethereum private key.
+    /// This key is required to submit transactions (such as registering with the contract).
+    #[arg(long = "private-key")]
+    #[arg(env = "PRIVATE_KEY")]
+    pub private_key: String,
+
+    /// Submit a randomness request to this provider
+    #[arg(long = "provider")]
+    #[arg(env = "FORTUNA_PROVIDER")]
+    pub provider: Address,
+}

apps/argus/src/config/run.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use {crate::config::ConfigOptions, clap::Args, std::net::SocketAddr};
+
+/// Run the webservice
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct RunOptions {
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub config: ConfigOptions,
+
+    /// Address and port the HTTP server will bind to.
+    #[arg(long = "rpc-listen-addr")]
+    #[arg(default_value = super::DEFAULT_RPC_ADDR)]
+    #[arg(env = "RPC_ADDR")]
+    pub addr: SocketAddr,
+}

apps/argus/src/config/setup_provider.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+use {crate::config::ConfigOptions, clap::Args};
+
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+#[command(next_help_heading = "Setup Provider Options")]
+#[group(id = "SetupProviderOptions")]
+pub struct SetupProviderOptions {
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub config: ConfigOptions,
+}

apps/argus/src/config/withdraw_fees.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+use {
+    crate::{api::ChainId, config::ConfigOptions},
+    clap::Args,
+};
+
+#[derive(Args, Clone, Debug)]
+#[command(next_help_heading = "Withdraw Fees Options")]
+#[group(id = "Withdraw Fees")]
+pub struct WithdrawFeesOptions {
+    #[command(flatten)]
+    pub config: ConfigOptions,
+
+    /// Withdraw the fees on this chain, or all chains if not specified.
+    #[arg(long = "chain-id")]
+    pub chain_id: Option<ChainId>,
+
+    /// If provided, run the command using the keeper wallet. By default, the command uses the provider wallet.
+    /// If this option is provided, the keeper wallet must be configured and set as the fee manager for the provider.
+    #[arg(long = "keeper")]
+    #[arg(default_value = "false")]
+    pub keeper: bool,
+
+    /// If specified, only withdraw fees over the given balance from the contract.
+    /// If omitted, all accrued fees are withdrawn.
+    #[arg(long = "retain-balance")]
+    #[arg(default_value = "0")]
+    pub retain_balance_wei: u128,
+}

apps/argus/src/keeper.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::{BlockchainState, ChainId},
+        chain::ethereum::{InstrumentedPythContract, InstrumentedSignablePythContract},
+        config::EthereumConfig,
+        keeper::block::{
+            get_latest_safe_block, process_backlog, process_new_blocks, watch_blocks_wrapper,
+            BlockRange,
+        },
+        keeper::commitment::update_commitments_loop,
+        keeper::fee::adjust_fee_wrapper,
+        keeper::fee::withdraw_fees_wrapper,
+        keeper::track::track_accrued_pyth_fees,
+        keeper::track::track_balance,
+        keeper::track::track_provider,
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::traced_client::RpcMetrics,
+    ethers::{signers::Signer, types::U256},
+    keeper_metrics::{AccountLabel, KeeperMetrics},
+    std::{collections::HashSet, sync::Arc},
+    tokio::{
+        spawn,
+        sync::{mpsc, RwLock},
+        time::{self, Duration},
+    },
+    tracing::{self, Instrument},
+};
+
+pub(crate) mod block;
+pub(crate) mod commitment;
+pub(crate) mod fee;
+pub(crate) mod keeper_metrics;
+pub(crate) mod process_event;
+pub(crate) mod track;
+
+/// How many blocks to look back for events that might be missed when starting the keeper
+const BACKLOG_RANGE: u64 = 1000;
+/// Track metrics in this interval
+const TRACK_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(10);
+/// Check whether we need to conduct a withdrawal at this interval.
+const WITHDRAW_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(300);
+/// Check whether we need to adjust the fee at this interval.
+const ADJUST_FEE_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum RequestState {
+    /// Fulfilled means that the request was either revealed or we are sure we
+    /// will not be able to reveal it.
+    Fulfilled,
+    /// We have already processed the request but couldn't fulfill it and we are
+    /// unsure if we can fulfill it or not.
+    Processed,
+}
+
+/// Run threads to handle events for the last `BACKLOG_RANGE` blocks, watch for new blocks and
+/// handle any events for the new blocks.
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "keeper", skip_all, fields(chain_id = chain_state.id))]
+pub async fn run_keeper_threads(
+    private_key: String,
+    chain_eth_config: EthereumConfig,
+    chain_state: BlockchainState,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+    rpc_metrics: Arc<RpcMetrics>,
+) {
+    tracing::info!("starting keeper");
+    let latest_safe_block = get_latest_safe_block(&chain_state).in_current_span().await;
+    tracing::info!("latest safe block: {}", &latest_safe_block);
+
+    let contract = Arc::new(
+        InstrumentedSignablePythContract::from_config(
+            &chain_eth_config,
+            &private_key,
+            chain_state.id.clone(),
+            rpc_metrics.clone(),
+        )
+        .await
+        .expect("Chain config should be valid"),
+    );
+    let keeper_address = contract.wallet().address();
+
+    let fulfilled_requests_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashSet::<u64>::new()));
+
+    // Spawn a thread to handle the events from last BACKLOG_RANGE blocks.
+    let gas_limit: U256 = chain_eth_config.gas_limit.into();
+    spawn(
+        process_backlog(
+            BlockRange {
+                from: latest_safe_block.saturating_sub(BACKLOG_RANGE),
+                to: latest_safe_block,
+            },
+            contract.clone(),
+            gas_limit,
+            chain_eth_config.escalation_policy.to_policy(),
+            chain_state.clone(),
+            metrics.clone(),
+            fulfilled_requests_cache.clone(),
+            chain_eth_config.block_delays.clone(),
+        )
+        .in_current_span(),
+    );
+
+    let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel::<BlockRange>(1000);
+    // Spawn a thread to watch for new blocks and send the range of blocks for which events has not been handled to the `tx` channel.
+    spawn(
+        watch_blocks_wrapper(
+            chain_state.clone(),
+            latest_safe_block,
+            tx,
+            chain_eth_config.geth_rpc_wss.clone(),
+        )
+        .in_current_span(),
+    );
+
+    // Spawn a thread for block processing with configured delays
+    spawn(
+        process_new_blocks(
+            chain_state.clone(),
+            rx,
+            Arc::clone(&contract),
+            gas_limit,
+            chain_eth_config.escalation_policy.to_policy(),
+            metrics.clone(),
+            fulfilled_requests_cache.clone(),
+            chain_eth_config.block_delays.clone(),
+        )
+        .in_current_span(),
+    );
+
+    // Spawn a thread that watches the keeper wallet balance and submits withdrawal transactions as needed to top-up the balance.
+    spawn(
+        withdraw_fees_wrapper(
+            contract.clone(),
+            chain_state.provider_address,
+            WITHDRAW_INTERVAL,
+            U256::from(chain_eth_config.min_keeper_balance),
+        )
+        .in_current_span(),
+    );
+
+    // Spawn a thread that periodically adjusts the provider fee.
+    spawn(
+        adjust_fee_wrapper(
+            contract.clone(),
+            chain_state.clone(),
+            chain_state.provider_address,
+            ADJUST_FEE_INTERVAL,
+            chain_eth_config.legacy_tx,
+            // NOTE: we are adjusting the fees based on the maximum configured gas for user transactions.
+            // However, the keeper will pad the gas limit for transactions (per the escalation policy) to ensure reliable submission.
+            // Consequently, fees can be adjusted such that transactions are still unprofitable.
+            // While we could scale up this value based on the padding, that ends up overcharging users as most transactions cost nowhere
+            // near the maximum gas limit.
+            // In the unlikely event that the keeper fees aren't sufficient, the solution to this is to configure the target
+            // fee percentage to be higher on that specific chain.
+            chain_eth_config.gas_limit,
+            // NOTE: unwrap() here so we panic early if someone configures these values below -100.
+            u64::try_from(100 + chain_eth_config.min_profit_pct)
+                .expect("min_profit_pct must be >= -100"),
+            u64::try_from(100 + chain_eth_config.target_profit_pct)
+                .expect("target_profit_pct must be >= -100"),
+            u64::try_from(100 + chain_eth_config.max_profit_pct)
+                .expect("max_profit_pct must be >= -100"),
+            chain_eth_config.fee,
+            metrics.clone(),
+        )
+        .in_current_span(),
+    );
+
+    spawn(update_commitments_loop(contract.clone(), chain_state.clone()).in_current_span());
+
+    // Spawn a thread to track the provider info and the balance of the keeper
+    spawn(
+        async move {
+            let chain_id = chain_state.id.clone();
+            let chain_config = chain_eth_config.clone();
+            let provider_address = chain_state.provider_address;
+            let keeper_metrics = metrics.clone();
+            let contract = match InstrumentedPythContract::from_config(
+                &chain_config,
+                chain_id.clone(),
+                rpc_metrics,
+            ) {
+                Ok(r) => r,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    tracing::error!("Error while connecting to pythnet contract. error: {:?}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            loop {
+                // There isn't a loop for indefinite trials. There is a new thread being spawned every `TRACK_INTERVAL` seconds.
+                // If rpc start fails all of these threads will just exit, instead of retrying.
+                // We are tracking rpc failures elsewhere, so it's fine.
+                spawn(
+                    track_provider(
+                        chain_id.clone(),
+                        contract.clone(),
+                        provider_address,
+                        keeper_metrics.clone(),
+                    )
+                    .in_current_span(),
+                );
+                spawn(
+                    track_balance(
+                        chain_id.clone(),
+                        contract.client(),
+                        keeper_address,
+                        keeper_metrics.clone(),
+                    )
+                    .in_current_span(),
+                );
+                spawn(
+                    track_accrued_pyth_fees(
+                        chain_id.clone(),
+                        contract.clone(),
+                        keeper_metrics.clone(),
+                    )
+                    .in_current_span(),
+                );
+
+                time::sleep(TRACK_INTERVAL).await;
+            }
+        }
+        .in_current_span(),
+    );
+}

apps/argus/src/keeper/block.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::{self, BlockchainState},
+        chain::{ethereum::InstrumentedSignablePythContract, reader::BlockNumber},
+        keeper::keeper_metrics::KeeperMetrics,
+        keeper::process_event::process_event_with_backoff,
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::utils::EscalationPolicy,
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Result},
+    ethers::{
+        providers::{Middleware, Provider, Ws},
+        types::U256,
+    },
+    futures::StreamExt,
+    std::{collections::HashSet, sync::Arc},
+    tokio::{
+        spawn,
+        sync::{mpsc, RwLock},
+        time::{self, Duration},
+    },
+    tracing::{self, Instrument},
+};
+
+/// How much to wait before retrying in case of an RPC error
+const RETRY_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
+/// How many blocks to fetch events for in a single rpc call
+const BLOCK_BATCH_SIZE: u64 = 100;
+/// How much to wait before polling the next latest block
+const POLL_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(2);
+/// Retry last N blocks
+const RETRY_PREVIOUS_BLOCKS: u64 = 100;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct BlockRange {
+    pub from: BlockNumber,
+    pub to: BlockNumber,
+}
+
+/// Get the latest safe block number for the chain. Retry internally if there is an error.
+pub async fn get_latest_safe_block(chain_state: &BlockchainState) -> BlockNumber {
+    loop {
+        match chain_state
+            .contract
+            .get_block_number(chain_state.confirmed_block_status)
+            .await
+        {
+            Ok(latest_confirmed_block) => {
+                tracing::info!(
+                    "Fetched latest safe block {}",
+                    latest_confirmed_block - chain_state.reveal_delay_blocks
+                );
+                return latest_confirmed_block - chain_state.reveal_delay_blocks;
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::error!("Error while getting block number. error: {:?}", e);
+                time::sleep(RETRY_INTERVAL).await;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Process a range of blocks in batches. It calls the `process_single_block_batch` method for each batch.
+#[tracing::instrument(skip_all, fields(
+    range_from_block = block_range.from, range_to_block = block_range.to
+))]
+pub async fn process_block_range(
+    block_range: BlockRange,
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    gas_limit: U256,
+    escalation_policy: EscalationPolicy,
+    chain_state: api::BlockchainState,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+    fulfilled_requests_cache: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<u64>>>,
+) {
+    let BlockRange {
+        from: first_block,
+        to: last_block,
+    } = block_range;
+    let mut current_block = first_block;
+    while current_block <= last_block {
+        let mut to_block = current_block + BLOCK_BATCH_SIZE;
+        if to_block > last_block {
+            to_block = last_block;
+        }
+
+        // TODO: this is handling all blocks sequentially we might want to handle them in parallel in future.
+        process_single_block_batch(
+            BlockRange {
+                from: current_block,
+                to: to_block,
+            },
+            contract.clone(),
+            gas_limit,
+            escalation_policy.clone(),
+            chain_state.clone(),
+            metrics.clone(),
+            fulfilled_requests_cache.clone(),
+        )
+        .in_current_span()
+        .await;
+
+        current_block = to_block + 1;
+    }
+}
+
+/// Process a batch of blocks for a chain. It will fetch events for all the blocks in a single call for the provided batch
+/// and then try to process them one by one. It checks the `fulfilled_request_cache`. If the request was already fulfilled.
+/// It won't reprocess it. If the request was already processed, it will reprocess it.
+/// If the process fails, it will retry indefinitely.
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "batch", skip_all, fields(
+    batch_from_block = block_range.from, batch_to_block = block_range.to
+))]
+pub async fn process_single_block_batch(
+    block_range: BlockRange,
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    gas_limit: U256,
+    escalation_policy: EscalationPolicy,
+    chain_state: api::BlockchainState,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+    fulfilled_requests_cache: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<u64>>>,
+) {
+    loop {
+        let events_res = chain_state
+            .contract
+            .get_request_with_callback_events(block_range.from, block_range.to)
+            .await;
+
+        match events_res {
+            Ok(events) => {
+                tracing::info!(num_of_events = &events.len(), "Processing",);
+                for event in &events {
+                    // the write lock guarantees we spawn only one task per sequence number
+                    let newly_inserted = fulfilled_requests_cache
+                        .write()
+                        .await
+                        .insert(event.sequence_number);
+                    if newly_inserted {
+                        spawn(
+                            process_event_with_backoff(
+                                event.clone(),
+                                chain_state.clone(),
+                                contract.clone(),
+                                gas_limit,
+                                escalation_policy.clone(),
+                                metrics.clone(),
+                            )
+                            .in_current_span(),
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+                tracing::info!(num_of_events = &events.len(), "Processed",);
+                break;
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::error!(
+                    "Error while getting events. Waiting for {} seconds before retry. error: {:?}",
+                    RETRY_INTERVAL.as_secs(),
+                    e
+                );
+                time::sleep(RETRY_INTERVAL).await;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Wrapper for the `watch_blocks` method. If there was an error while watching, it will retry after a delay.
+/// It retries indefinitely.
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "watch_blocks", skip_all, fields(
+    initial_safe_block = latest_safe_block
+))]
+pub async fn watch_blocks_wrapper(
+    chain_state: BlockchainState,
+    latest_safe_block: BlockNumber,
+    tx: mpsc::Sender<BlockRange>,
+    geth_rpc_wss: Option<String>,
+) {
+    let mut last_safe_block_processed = latest_safe_block;
+    loop {
+        if let Err(e) = watch_blocks(
+            chain_state.clone(),
+            &mut last_safe_block_processed,
+            tx.clone(),
+            geth_rpc_wss.clone(),
+        )
+        .in_current_span()
+        .await
+        {
+            tracing::error!("watching blocks. error: {:?}", e);
+            time::sleep(RETRY_INTERVAL).await;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Watch for new blocks and send the range of blocks for which events have not been handled to the `tx` channel.
+/// We are subscribing to new blocks instead of events. If we miss some blocks, it will be fine as we are sending
+/// block ranges to the `tx` channel. If we have subscribed to events, we could have missed those and won't even
+/// know about it.
+pub async fn watch_blocks(
+    chain_state: BlockchainState,
+    last_safe_block_processed: &mut BlockNumber,
+    tx: mpsc::Sender<BlockRange>,
+    geth_rpc_wss: Option<String>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    tracing::info!("Watching blocks to handle new events");
+
+    let provider_option = match geth_rpc_wss {
+        Some(wss) => Some(match Provider::<Ws>::connect(wss.clone()).await {
+            Ok(provider) => provider,
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::error!("Error while connecting to wss: {}. error: {:?}", wss, e);
+                return Err(e.into());
+            }
+        }),
+        None => {
+            tracing::info!("No wss provided");
+            None
+        }
+    };
+
+    let mut stream_option = match provider_option {
+        Some(ref provider) => Some(match provider.subscribe_blocks().await {
+            Ok(client) => client,
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::error!("Error while subscribing to blocks. error {:?}", e);
+                return Err(e.into());
+            }
+        }),
+        None => None,
+    };
+
+    loop {
+        match stream_option {
+            Some(ref mut stream) => {
+                if stream.next().await.is_none() {
+                    tracing::error!("Error blocks subscription stream ended");
+                    return Err(anyhow!("Error blocks subscription stream ended"));
+                }
+            }
+            None => {
+                time::sleep(POLL_INTERVAL).await;
+            }
+        }
+
+        let latest_safe_block = get_latest_safe_block(&chain_state).in_current_span().await;
+        if latest_safe_block > *last_safe_block_processed {
+            let mut from = latest_safe_block.saturating_sub(RETRY_PREVIOUS_BLOCKS);
+
+            // In normal situation, the difference between latest and last safe block should not be more than 2-3 (for arbitrum it can be 10)
+            // TODO: add a metric for this in separate PR. We need alerts
+            // But in extreme situation, where we were unable to send the block range multiple times, the difference between latest_safe_block and
+            // last_safe_block_processed can grow. It is fine to not have the retry mechanisms for those earliest blocks as we expect the rpc
+            // to be in consistency after this much time.
+            if from > *last_safe_block_processed {
+                from = *last_safe_block_processed;
+            }
+            match tx
+                .send(BlockRange {
+                    from,
+                    to: latest_safe_block,
+                })
+                .await
+            {
+                Ok(_) => {
+                    tracing::info!(
+                        from_block = from,
+                        to_block = &latest_safe_block,
+                        "Block range sent to handle events",
+                    );
+                    *last_safe_block_processed = latest_safe_block;
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    tracing::error!(
+                        from_block = from,
+                        to_block = &latest_safe_block,
+                        "Error while sending block range to handle events. These will be handled in next call. error: {:?}",
+                        e
+                    );
+                }
+            };
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// It waits on rx channel to receive block ranges and then calls process_block_range to process them
+/// for each configured block delay.
+#[tracing::instrument(skip_all)]
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+pub async fn process_new_blocks(
+    chain_state: BlockchainState,
+    mut rx: mpsc::Receiver<BlockRange>,
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    gas_limit: U256,
+    escalation_policy: EscalationPolicy,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+    fulfilled_requests_cache: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<u64>>>,
+    block_delays: Vec<u64>,
+) {
+    tracing::info!("Waiting for new block ranges to process");
+    loop {
+        if let Some(block_range) = rx.recv().await {
+            // Process blocks immediately first
+            process_block_range(
+                block_range.clone(),
+                Arc::clone(&contract),
+                gas_limit,
+                escalation_policy.clone(),
+                chain_state.clone(),
+                metrics.clone(),
+                fulfilled_requests_cache.clone(),
+            )
+            .in_current_span()
+            .await;
+
+            // Then process with each configured delay
+            for delay in &block_delays {
+                let adjusted_range = BlockRange {
+                    from: block_range.from.saturating_sub(*delay),
+                    to: block_range.to.saturating_sub(*delay),
+                };
+                process_block_range(
+                    adjusted_range,
+                    Arc::clone(&contract),
+                    gas_limit,
+                    escalation_policy.clone(),
+                    chain_state.clone(),
+                    metrics.clone(),
+                    fulfilled_requests_cache.clone(),
+                )
+                .in_current_span()
+                .await;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Processes the backlog_range for a chain.
+/// It processes the backlog range for each configured block delay.
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+#[tracing::instrument(skip_all)]
+pub async fn process_backlog(
+    backlog_range: BlockRange,
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    gas_limit: U256,
+    escalation_policy: EscalationPolicy,
+    chain_state: BlockchainState,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+    fulfilled_requests_cache: Arc<RwLock<HashSet<u64>>>,
+    block_delays: Vec<u64>,
+) {
+    tracing::info!("Processing backlog");
+    // Process blocks immediately first
+    process_block_range(
+        backlog_range.clone(),
+        Arc::clone(&contract),
+        gas_limit,
+        escalation_policy.clone(),
+        chain_state.clone(),
+        metrics.clone(),
+        fulfilled_requests_cache.clone(),
+    )
+    .in_current_span()
+    .await;
+
+    // Then process with each configured delay
+    for delay in &block_delays {
+        let adjusted_range = BlockRange {
+            from: backlog_range.from.saturating_sub(*delay),
+            to: backlog_range.to.saturating_sub(*delay),
+        };
+        process_block_range(
+            adjusted_range,
+            Arc::clone(&contract),
+            gas_limit,
+            escalation_policy.clone(),
+            chain_state.clone(),
+            metrics.clone(),
+            fulfilled_requests_cache.clone(),
+        )
+        .in_current_span()
+        .await;
+    }
+    tracing::info!("Backlog processed");
+}

apps/argus/src/keeper/commitment.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::BlockchainState, chain::ethereum::InstrumentedSignablePythContract,
+        keeper::block::get_latest_safe_block,
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::utils::send_and_confirm,
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Result},
+    std::sync::Arc,
+    tokio::time::{self, Duration},
+    tracing::{self, Instrument},
+};
+
+/// Check whether we need to manually update the commitments to reduce numHashes for future
+/// requests and reduce the gas cost of the reveal.
+const UPDATE_COMMITMENTS_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
+const UPDATE_COMMITMENTS_THRESHOLD_FACTOR: f64 = 0.95;
+
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "update_commitments", skip_all)]
+pub async fn update_commitments_loop(
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    chain_state: BlockchainState,
+) {
+    loop {
+        if let Err(e) = update_commitments_if_necessary(contract.clone(), &chain_state)
+            .in_current_span()
+            .await
+        {
+            tracing::error!("Update commitments. error: {:?}", e);
+        }
+        time::sleep(UPDATE_COMMITMENTS_INTERVAL).await;
+    }
+}
+
+pub async fn update_commitments_if_necessary(
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    chain_state: &BlockchainState,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    //TODO: we can reuse the result from the last call from the watch_blocks thread to reduce RPCs
+    let latest_safe_block = get_latest_safe_block(chain_state).in_current_span().await;
+    let provider_address = chain_state.provider_address;
+    let provider_info = contract
+        .get_provider_info(provider_address)
+        .block(latest_safe_block) // To ensure we are not revealing sooner than we should
+        .call()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Error while getting provider info. error: {:?}", e))?;
+    if provider_info.max_num_hashes == 0 {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    let threshold =
+        ((provider_info.max_num_hashes as f64) * UPDATE_COMMITMENTS_THRESHOLD_FACTOR) as u64;
+    if provider_info.sequence_number - provider_info.current_commitment_sequence_number > threshold
+    {
+        let seq_number = provider_info.sequence_number - 1;
+        let provider_revelation = chain_state
+            .state
+            .reveal(seq_number)
+            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Error revealing: {:?}", e))?;
+        let contract_call =
+            contract.advance_provider_commitment(provider_address, seq_number, provider_revelation);
+        send_and_confirm(contract_call).await?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}

apps/argus/src/keeper/fee.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+use {
+    crate::{
+        api::BlockchainState, chain::ethereum::InstrumentedSignablePythContract,
+        keeper::AccountLabel, keeper::ChainId, keeper::KeeperMetrics,
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::utils::{estimate_tx_cost, send_and_confirm},
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Result},
+    ethers::{
+        middleware::Middleware,
+        signers::Signer,
+        types::{Address, U256},
+    },
+    std::sync::Arc,
+    tokio::time::{self, Duration},
+    tracing::{self, Instrument},
+};
+
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "withdraw_fees", skip_all, fields())]
+pub async fn withdraw_fees_wrapper(
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    provider_address: Address,
+    poll_interval: Duration,
+    min_balance: U256,
+) {
+    loop {
+        if let Err(e) = withdraw_fees_if_necessary(contract.clone(), provider_address, min_balance)
+            .in_current_span()
+            .await
+        {
+            tracing::error!("Withdrawing fees. error: {:?}", e);
+        }
+        time::sleep(poll_interval).await;
+    }
+}
+
+/// Withdraws accumulated fees in the contract as needed to maintain the balance of the keeper wallet.
+pub async fn withdraw_fees_if_necessary(
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    provider_address: Address,
+    min_balance: U256,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let provider = contract.provider();
+    let wallet = contract.wallet();
+
+    let keeper_balance = provider
+        .get_balance(wallet.address(), None)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Error while getting balance. error: {:?}", e))?;
+
+    let provider_info = contract
+        .get_provider_info(provider_address)
+        .call()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Error while getting provider info. error: {:?}", e))?;
+
+    if provider_info.fee_manager != wallet.address() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("Fee manager for provider {:?} is not the keeper wallet. Fee manager: {:?} Keeper: {:?}", provider, provider_info.fee_manager, wallet.address()));
+    }
+
+    let fees = provider_info.accrued_fees_in_wei;
+
+    if keeper_balance < min_balance && U256::from(fees) > min_balance {
+        tracing::info!("Claiming accrued fees...");
+        let contract_call = contract.withdraw_as_fee_manager(provider_address, fees);
+        send_and_confirm(contract_call).await?;
+    } else if keeper_balance < min_balance {
+        tracing::warn!("Keeper balance {:?} is too low (< {:?}) but provider fees are not sufficient to top-up.", keeper_balance, min_balance)
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "adjust_fee", skip_all)]
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+pub async fn adjust_fee_wrapper(
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    chain_state: BlockchainState,
+    provider_address: Address,
+    poll_interval: Duration,
+    legacy_tx: bool,
+    gas_limit: u64,
+    min_profit_pct: u64,
+    target_profit_pct: u64,
+    max_profit_pct: u64,
+    min_fee_wei: u128,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+) {
+    // The maximum balance of accrued fees + provider wallet balance. None if we haven't observed a value yet.
+    let mut high_water_pnl: Option<U256> = None;
+    // The sequence number where the keeper last updated the on-chain fee. None if we haven't observed it yet.
+    let mut sequence_number_of_last_fee_update: Option<u64> = None;
+    loop {
+        if let Err(e) = adjust_fee_if_necessary(
+            contract.clone(),
+            chain_state.id.clone(),
+            provider_address,
+            legacy_tx,
+            gas_limit,
+            min_profit_pct,
+            target_profit_pct,
+            max_profit_pct,
+            min_fee_wei,
+            &mut high_water_pnl,
+            &mut sequence_number_of_last_fee_update,
+            metrics.clone(),
+        )
+        .in_current_span()
+        .await
+        {
+            tracing::error!("Withdrawing fees. error: {:?}", e);
+        }
+        time::sleep(poll_interval).await;
+    }
+}
+
+/// Adjust the fee charged by the provider to ensure that it is profitable at the prevailing gas price.
+/// This method targets a fee as a function of the maximum cost of the callback,
+/// c = (gas_limit) * (current gas price), with min_fee_wei as a lower bound on the fee.
+///
+/// The method then updates the on-chain fee if all of the following are satisfied:
+/// - the on-chain fee does not fall into an interval [c*min_profit, c*max_profit]. The tolerance
+///   factor prevents the on-chain fee from changing with every single gas price fluctuation.
+///   Profit scalars are specified in percentage units, min_profit = (min_profit_pct + 100) / 100
+/// - either the fee is increasing or the keeper is earning a profit -- i.e., fees only decrease when the keeper is profitable
+/// - at least one random number has been requested since the last fee update
+///
+/// These conditions are intended to make sure that the keeper is profitable while also minimizing the number of fee
+/// update transactions.
+#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+pub async fn adjust_fee_if_necessary(
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    chain_id: ChainId,
+    provider_address: Address,
+    legacy_tx: bool,
+    gas_limit: u64,
+    min_profit_pct: u64,
+    target_profit_pct: u64,
+    max_profit_pct: u64,
+    min_fee_wei: u128,
+    high_water_pnl: &mut Option<U256>,
+    sequence_number_of_last_fee_update: &mut Option<u64>,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let provider_info = contract
+        .get_provider_info(provider_address)
+        .call()
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Error while getting provider info. error: {:?}", e))?;
+
+    if provider_info.fee_manager != contract.wallet().address() {
+        return Err(anyhow!("Fee manager for provider {:?} is not the keeper wallet. Fee manager: {:?} Keeper: {:?}", contract.provider(), provider_info.fee_manager, contract.wallet().address()));
+    }
+
+    // Calculate target window for the on-chain fee.
+    let middleware = contract.client();
+    let max_callback_cost: u128 = estimate_tx_cost(middleware, legacy_tx, gas_limit.into())
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Could not estimate transaction cost. error {:?}", e))?;
+
+    let account_label = AccountLabel {
+        chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+        address: provider_address.to_string(),
+    };
+
+    metrics
+        .gas_price_estimate
+        .get_or_create(&account_label)
+        .set((max_callback_cost / u128::from(gas_limit)) as f64 / 1e9);
+
+    let target_fee_min = std::cmp::max(
+        (max_callback_cost * u128::from(min_profit_pct)) / 100,
+        min_fee_wei,
+    );
+    let target_fee = std::cmp::max(
+        (max_callback_cost * u128::from(target_profit_pct)) / 100,
+        min_fee_wei,
+    );
+    metrics
+        .target_provider_fee
+        .get_or_create(&account_label)
+        .set(((max_callback_cost * u128::from(target_profit_pct)) / 100) as f64 / 1e18);
+
+    let target_fee_max = std::cmp::max(
+        (max_callback_cost * u128::from(max_profit_pct)) / 100,
+        min_fee_wei,
+    );
+
+    // Calculate current P&L to determine if we can reduce fees.
+    let current_keeper_balance = contract
+        .provider()
+        .get_balance(contract.wallet().address(), None)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Error while getting balance. error: {:?}", e))?;
+    let current_keeper_fees = U256::from(provider_info.accrued_fees_in_wei);
+    let current_pnl = current_keeper_balance + current_keeper_fees;
+
+    let can_reduce_fees = match high_water_pnl {
+        Some(x) => current_pnl >= *x,
+        None => false,
+    };
+
+    // Determine if the chain has seen activity since the last fee update.
+    let is_chain_active: bool = match sequence_number_of_last_fee_update {
+        Some(n) => provider_info.sequence_number > *n,
+        None => {
+            // We don't want to adjust the fees on server start for unused chains, hence false here.
+            false
+        }
+    };
+
+    let provider_fee: u128 = provider_info.fee_in_wei;
+    if is_chain_active
+        && ((provider_fee > target_fee_max && can_reduce_fees) || provider_fee < target_fee_min)
+    {
+        tracing::info!(
+            "Adjusting fees. Current: {:?} Target: {:?}",
+            provider_fee,
+            target_fee
+        );
+        let contract_call = contract.set_provider_fee_as_fee_manager(provider_address, target_fee);
+        send_and_confirm(contract_call).await?;
+
+        *sequence_number_of_last_fee_update = Some(provider_info.sequence_number);
+    } else {
+        tracing::info!(
+            "Skipping fee adjustment. Current: {:?} Target: {:?} [{:?}, {:?}] Current Sequence Number: {:?} Last updated sequence number {:?} Current pnl: {:?} High water pnl: {:?}",
+            provider_fee,
+            target_fee,
+            target_fee_min,
+            target_fee_max,
+            provider_info.sequence_number,
+            sequence_number_of_last_fee_update,
+            current_pnl,
+            high_water_pnl
+        )
+    }
+
+    // Update high water pnl
+    *high_water_pnl = Some(std::cmp::max(
+        current_pnl,
+        high_water_pnl.unwrap_or(U256::from(0)),
+    ));
+
+    // Update sequence number on server start.
+    match sequence_number_of_last_fee_update {
+        Some(_) => (),
+        None => {
+            *sequence_number_of_last_fee_update = Some(provider_info.sequence_number);
+        }
+    };
+
+    Ok(())
+}

apps/argus/src/keeper/keeper_metrics.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+use {
+    ethers::types::Address,
+    prometheus_client::{
+        encoding::EncodeLabelSet,
+        metrics::{counter::Counter, family::Family, gauge::Gauge, histogram::Histogram},
+        registry::Registry,
+    },
+    std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64,
+    std::sync::Arc,
+    tokio::sync::RwLock,
+};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, EncodeLabelSet)]
+pub struct AccountLabel {
+    pub chain_id: String,
+    pub address: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq, EncodeLabelSet)]
+pub struct ChainIdLabel {
+    pub chain_id: String,
+}
+
+pub struct KeeperMetrics {
+    pub current_sequence_number: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge>,
+    pub end_sequence_number: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge>,
+    pub balance: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge<f64, AtomicU64>>,
+    pub collected_fee: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge<f64, AtomicU64>>,
+    pub current_fee: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge<f64, AtomicU64>>,
+    pub target_provider_fee: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge<f64, AtomicU64>>,
+    pub total_gas_spent: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge<f64, AtomicU64>>,
+    pub total_gas_fee_spent: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge<f64, AtomicU64>>,
+    pub requests: Family<AccountLabel, Counter>,
+    pub requests_processed: Family<AccountLabel, Counter>,
+    pub requests_processed_success: Family<AccountLabel, Counter>,
+    pub requests_processed_failure: Family<AccountLabel, Counter>,
+    pub requests_reprocessed: Family<AccountLabel, Counter>,
+    pub reveals: Family<AccountLabel, Counter>,
+    pub request_duration_ms: Family<AccountLabel, Histogram>,
+    pub retry_count: Family<AccountLabel, Histogram>,
+    pub final_gas_multiplier: Family<AccountLabel, Histogram>,
+    pub final_fee_multiplier: Family<AccountLabel, Histogram>,
+    pub gas_price_estimate: Family<AccountLabel, Gauge<f64, AtomicU64>>,
+    pub accrued_pyth_fees: Family<ChainIdLabel, Gauge<f64, AtomicU64>>,
+}
+
+impl Default for KeeperMetrics {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            current_sequence_number: Family::default(),
+            end_sequence_number: Family::default(),
+            balance: Family::default(),
+            collected_fee: Family::default(),
+            current_fee: Family::default(),
+            target_provider_fee: Family::default(),
+            total_gas_spent: Family::default(),
+            total_gas_fee_spent: Family::default(),
+            requests: Family::default(),
+            requests_processed: Family::default(),
+            requests_processed_success: Family::default(),
+            requests_processed_failure: Family::default(),
+            requests_reprocessed: Family::default(),
+            reveals: Family::default(),
+            request_duration_ms: Family::new_with_constructor(|| {
+                Histogram::new(
+                    vec![
+                        1000.0, 2500.0, 5000.0, 7500.0, 10000.0, 20000.0, 30000.0, 40000.0,
+                        50000.0, 60000.0, 120000.0, 180000.0, 240000.0, 300000.0, 600000.0,
+                    ]
+                    .into_iter(),
+                )
+            }),
+            retry_count: Family::new_with_constructor(|| {
+                Histogram::new(vec![0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0].into_iter())
+            }),
+            final_gas_multiplier: Family::new_with_constructor(|| {
+                Histogram::new(
+                    vec![100.0, 125.0, 150.0, 200.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0, 600.0].into_iter(),
+                )
+            }),
+            final_fee_multiplier: Family::new_with_constructor(|| {
+                Histogram::new(vec![100.0, 110.0, 120.0, 140.0, 160.0, 180.0, 200.0].into_iter())
+            }),
+            gas_price_estimate: Family::default(),
+            accrued_pyth_fees: Family::default(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl KeeperMetrics {
+    pub async fn new(
+        registry: Arc<RwLock<Registry>>,
+        chain_labels: Vec<(String, Address)>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let mut writable_registry = registry.write().await;
+        let keeper_metrics = KeeperMetrics::default();
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "current_sequence_number",
+            "The sequence number for a new request",
+            keeper_metrics.current_sequence_number.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "end_sequence_number",
+            "The sequence number for the end request",
+            keeper_metrics.end_sequence_number.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "requests",
+            "Number of requests received through events",
+            keeper_metrics.requests.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "requests_processed",
+            "Number of requests processed",
+            keeper_metrics.requests_processed.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "requests_processed_success",
+            "Number of requests processed successfully",
+            keeper_metrics.requests_processed_success.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "requests_processed_failure",
+            "Number of requests processed with failure",
+            keeper_metrics.requests_processed_failure.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "reveal",
+            "Number of reveals",
+            keeper_metrics.reveals.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "balance",
+            "Balance of the keeper",
+            keeper_metrics.balance.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "collected_fee",
+            "Collected fee on the contract",
+            keeper_metrics.collected_fee.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "current_fee",
+            "Current fee charged by the provider",
+            keeper_metrics.current_fee.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "target_provider_fee",
+            "Target fee in ETH -- differs from current_fee in that this is the goal, and current_fee is the on-chain value.",
+            keeper_metrics.target_provider_fee.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "total_gas_spent",
+            "Total gas spent revealing requests",
+            keeper_metrics.total_gas_spent.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "total_gas_fee_spent",
+            "Total amount of ETH spent on gas for revealing requests",
+            keeper_metrics.total_gas_fee_spent.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "requests_reprocessed",
+            "Number of requests reprocessed",
+            keeper_metrics.requests_reprocessed.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "request_duration_ms",
+            "Time taken to process each successful callback request in milliseconds",
+            keeper_metrics.request_duration_ms.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "retry_count",
+            "Number of retries for successful transactions",
+            keeper_metrics.retry_count.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "final_gas_multiplier",
+            "Final gas multiplier percentage for successful transactions",
+            keeper_metrics.final_gas_multiplier.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "final_fee_multiplier",
+            "Final fee multiplier percentage for successful transactions",
+            keeper_metrics.final_fee_multiplier.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "gas_price_estimate",
+            "Gas price estimate for the blockchain (in gwei)",
+            keeper_metrics.gas_price_estimate.clone(),
+        );
+
+        writable_registry.register(
+            "accrued_pyth_fees",
+            "Accrued Pyth fees on the contract",
+            keeper_metrics.accrued_pyth_fees.clone(),
+        );
+
+        // *Important*: When adding a new metric:
+        // 1. Register it above using `writable_registry.register(...)`
+        // 2. Add a get_or_create call in the loop below to initialize it for each chain/provider pair
+
+        // Initialize accrued_pyth_fees for each chain_id
+        for (chain_id, _) in chain_labels.iter() {
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .accrued_pyth_fees
+                .get_or_create(&ChainIdLabel {
+                    chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+                });
+        }
+
+        for (chain_id, provider_address) in chain_labels {
+            let account_label = AccountLabel {
+                chain_id,
+                address: provider_address.to_string(),
+            };
+
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .current_sequence_number
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .end_sequence_number
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics.balance.get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics.collected_fee.get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics.current_fee.get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .target_provider_fee
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics.total_gas_spent.get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .total_gas_fee_spent
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics.requests.get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .requests_processed
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .requests_processed_success
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .requests_processed_failure
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .requests_reprocessed
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics.reveals.get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .request_duration_ms
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics.retry_count.get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .final_gas_multiplier
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .final_fee_multiplier
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+            let _ = keeper_metrics
+                .gas_price_estimate
+                .get_or_create(&account_label);
+        }
+
+        keeper_metrics
+    }
+}

apps/argus/src/keeper/process_event.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+use {
+    super::keeper_metrics::{AccountLabel, KeeperMetrics},
+    crate::{
+        api::BlockchainState,
+        chain::{ethereum::InstrumentedSignablePythContract, reader::RequestedWithCallbackEvent},
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::utils::{submit_tx_with_backoff, EscalationPolicy},
+    anyhow::{anyhow, Result},
+    ethers::types::U256,
+    std::sync::Arc,
+    tracing,
+};
+
+/// Process an event with backoff. It will retry the reveal on failure for 5 minutes.
+#[tracing::instrument(name = "process_event_with_backoff", skip_all, fields(
+    sequence_number = event.sequence_number
+))]
+pub async fn process_event_with_backoff(
+    event: RequestedWithCallbackEvent,
+    chain_state: BlockchainState,
+    contract: Arc<InstrumentedSignablePythContract>,
+    gas_limit: U256,
+    escalation_policy: EscalationPolicy,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    // ignore requests that are not for the configured provider
+    if chain_state.provider_address != event.provider_address {
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    let account_label = AccountLabel {
+        chain_id: chain_state.id.clone(),
+        address: chain_state.provider_address.to_string(),
+    };
+
+    metrics.requests.get_or_create(&account_label).inc();
+    tracing::info!("Started processing event");
+
+    let provider_revelation = chain_state
+        .state
+        .reveal(event.sequence_number)
+        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Error revealing: {:?}", e))?;
+
+    let contract_call = contract.reveal_with_callback(
+        event.provider_address,
+        event.sequence_number,
+        event.user_random_number,
+        provider_revelation,
+    );
+
+    let success = submit_tx_with_backoff(
+        contract.client(),
+        contract_call,
+        gas_limit,
+        escalation_policy,
+    )
+    .await;
+
+    metrics
+        .requests_processed
+        .get_or_create(&account_label)
+        .inc();
+
+    match success {
+        Ok(res) => {
+            tracing::info!("Processed event successfully in {:?}", res.duration);
+
+            metrics
+                .requests_processed_success
+                .get_or_create(&account_label)
+                .inc();
+
+            metrics
+                .request_duration_ms
+                .get_or_create(&account_label)
+                .observe(res.duration.as_millis() as f64);
+
+            // Track retry count, gas multiplier, and fee multiplier for successful transactions
+            metrics
+                .retry_count
+                .get_or_create(&account_label)
+                .observe(res.num_retries as f64);
+
+            metrics
+                .final_gas_multiplier
+                .get_or_create(&account_label)
+                .observe(res.gas_multiplier as f64);
+
+            metrics
+                .final_fee_multiplier
+                .get_or_create(&account_label)
+                .observe(res.fee_multiplier as f64);
+
+            let receipt = res.receipt;
+
+                if let Some(gas_used) = receipt.gas_used {
+                    let gas_used_float = gas_used.as_u128() as f64 / 1e18;
+                    metrics
+                        .total_gas_spent
+                        .get_or_create(&account_label)
+                        .inc_by(gas_used_float);
+
+                    if let Some(gas_price) = receipt.effective_gas_price {
+                        let gas_fee = (gas_used * gas_price).as_u128() as f64 / 1e18;
+                        metrics
+                            .total_gas_fee_spent
+                            .get_or_create(&account_label)
+                            .inc_by(gas_fee);
+                    }
+                }
+            metrics.reveals.get_or_create(&account_label).inc();
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            // In case the callback did not succeed, we double-check that the request is still on-chain.
+            // If the request is no longer on-chain, one of the transactions we sent likely succeeded, but
+            // the RPC gave us an error anyway.
+            let req = chain_state
+                .contract
+                .get_request(event.provider_address, event.sequence_number)
+                .await;
+
+            tracing::error!("Failed to process event: {:?}. Request: {:?}", e, req);
+
+            // We only count failures for cases where we are completely certain that the callback failed.
+            if req.is_ok_and(|x| x.is_some()) {
+                metrics
+                    .requests_processed_failure
+                    .get_or_create(&account_label)
+                    .inc();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}

apps/argus/src/keeper/track.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+use {
+    super::keeper_metrics::{AccountLabel, ChainIdLabel, KeeperMetrics},
+    crate::{
+        api::ChainId, chain::ethereum::InstrumentedPythContract,
+    },
+    fortuna::eth_utils::traced_client::TracedClient,
+    ethers::middleware::Middleware,
+    ethers::{providers::Provider, types::Address},
+    std::sync::Arc,
+    tracing,
+};
+
+/// tracks the balance of the given address on the given chain
+/// if there was an error, the function will just return
+#[tracing::instrument(skip_all)]
+pub async fn track_balance(
+    chain_id: String,
+    provider: Arc<Provider<TracedClient>>,
+    address: Address,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+) {
+    let balance = match provider.get_balance(address, None).await {
+        // This conversion to u128 is fine as the total balance will never cross the limits
+        // of u128 practically.
+        Ok(r) => r.as_u128(),
+        Err(e) => {
+            tracing::error!("Error while getting balance. error: {:?}", e);
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+    // The f64 conversion is made to be able to serve metrics within the constraints of Prometheus.
+    // The balance is in wei, so we need to divide by 1e18 to convert it to eth.
+    let balance = balance as f64 / 1e18;
+
+    metrics
+        .balance
+        .get_or_create(&AccountLabel {
+            chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+            address: address.to_string(),
+        })
+        .set(balance);
+}
+
+/// tracks the collected fees and the hashchain data of the given provider address on the given chain
+/// if there is a error the function will just return
+#[tracing::instrument(skip_all)]
+pub async fn track_provider(
+    chain_id: ChainId,
+    contract: InstrumentedPythContract,
+    provider_address: Address,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+) {
+    let provider_info = match contract.get_provider_info(provider_address).call().await {
+        Ok(info) => info,
+        Err(e) => {
+            tracing::error!("Error while getting provider info. error: {:?}", e);
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+
+    // The f64 conversion is made to be able to serve metrics with the constraints of Prometheus.
+    // The fee is in wei, so we divide by 1e18 to convert it to eth.
+    let collected_fee = provider_info.accrued_fees_in_wei as f64 / 1e18;
+    let current_fee: f64 = provider_info.fee_in_wei as f64 / 1e18;
+
+    let current_sequence_number = provider_info.sequence_number;
+    let end_sequence_number = provider_info.end_sequence_number;
+
+    metrics
+        .collected_fee
+        .get_or_create(&AccountLabel {
+            chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+            address: provider_address.to_string(),
+        })
+        .set(collected_fee);
+
+    metrics
+        .current_fee
+        .get_or_create(&AccountLabel {
+            chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+            address: provider_address.to_string(),
+        })
+        .set(current_fee);
+
+    metrics
+        .current_sequence_number
+        .get_or_create(&AccountLabel {
+            chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+            address: provider_address.to_string(),
+        })
+        // sequence_number type on chain is u64 but practically it will take
+        // a long time for it to cross the limits of i64.
+        // currently prometheus only supports i64 for Gauge types
+        .set(current_sequence_number as i64);
+    metrics
+        .end_sequence_number
+        .get_or_create(&AccountLabel {
+            chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+            address: provider_address.to_string(),
+        })
+        .set(end_sequence_number as i64);
+}
+
+/// tracks the accrued pyth fees on the given chain
+/// if there is an error the function will just return
+#[tracing::instrument(skip_all)]
+pub async fn track_accrued_pyth_fees(
+    chain_id: ChainId,
+    contract: InstrumentedPythContract,
+    metrics: Arc<KeeperMetrics>,
+) {
+    let accrued_pyth_fees = match contract.get_accrued_pyth_fees().call().await {
+        Ok(fees) => fees,
+        Err(e) => {
+            tracing::error!("Error while getting accrued pyth fees. error: {:?}", e);
+            return;
+        }
+    };
+
+    // The f64 conversion is made to be able to serve metrics with the constraints of Prometheus.
+    // The fee is in wei, so we divide by 1e18 to convert it to eth.
+    let accrued_pyth_fees = accrued_pyth_fees as f64 / 1e18;
+
+    metrics
+        .accrued_pyth_fees
+        .get_or_create(&ChainIdLabel {
+            chain_id: chain_id.clone(),
+        })
+        .set(accrued_pyth_fees);
+}

apps/argus/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+pub mod api;
+pub mod chain;
+pub mod command;
+pub mod config;
+pub mod keeper;
+pub mod state;

apps/argus/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#![allow(clippy::just_underscores_and_digits)]
+
+use {
+    anyhow::Result,
+    clap::Parser,
+    fortuna::{command, config},
+    std::io::IsTerminal,
+};
+
+// Server TODO list:
+// - Tests
+// - Reduce memory requirements for storing hash chains to increase scalability
+// - Name things nicely (API resource names)
+// - README
+// - Choose data formats for binary data
+#[tokio::main]
+#[tracing::instrument]
+async fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    // Initialize a Tracing Subscriber
+    tracing::subscriber::set_global_default(
+        tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+            .compact()
+            .with_file(false)
+            .with_line_number(true)
+            .with_thread_ids(true)
+            .with_env_filter(tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter::from_default_env())
+            .with_ansi(std::io::stderr().is_terminal())
+            .finish(),
+    )?;
+
+    match config::Options::parse() {
+        config::Options::GetRequest(opts) => command::get_request(&opts).await,
+        config::Options::Generate(opts) => command::generate(&opts).await,
+        config::Options::Run(opts) => command::run(&opts).await,
+        config::Options::RegisterProvider(opts) => command::register_provider(&opts).await,
+        config::Options::SetupProvider(opts) => command::setup_provider(&opts).await,
+        config::Options::RequestRandomness(opts) => command::request_randomness(&opts).await,
+        config::Options::Inspect(opts) => command::inspect(&opts).await,
+        config::Options::WithdrawFees(opts) => command::withdraw_fees(&opts).await,
+    }
+}

apps/argus/src/state.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+use {
+    crate::api::ChainId,
+    anyhow::{ensure, Result},
+    ethers::types::Address,
+    sha3::{Digest, Keccak256},
+};
+
+/// A hash chain of a specific length. The hash chain has the property that
+/// hash(chain.reveal_ith(i)) == chain.reveal_ith(i - 1)
+///
+/// The implementation subsamples the elements of the chain such that it uses less memory
+/// to keep the chain around.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct PebbleHashChain {
+    hash: Vec<[u8; 32]>,
+    sample_interval: usize,
+    length: usize,
+}
+
+impl PebbleHashChain {
+    // Given a secret, we hash it with Keccak256 len times to get the final hash, this is an S/KEY
+    // like protocol in which revealing the hashes in reverse proves knowledge.
+    pub fn new(secret: [u8; 32], length: usize, sample_interval: usize) -> Self {
+        assert!(sample_interval > 0, "Sample interval must be positive");
+        let mut hash = Vec::<[u8; 32]>::with_capacity(length);
+        let mut current: [u8; 32] = Keccak256::digest(secret).into();
+
+        hash.push(current);
+        for i in 1..length {
+            current = Keccak256::digest(current).into();
+            if i % sample_interval == 0 {
+                hash.push(current);
+            }
+        }
+
+        hash.reverse();
+
+        Self {
+            hash,
+            sample_interval,
+            length,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_config(
+        secret: &str,
+        chain_id: &ChainId,
+        provider_address: &Address,
+        contract_address: &Address,
+        random: &[u8; 32],
+        chain_length: u64,
+        sample_interval: u64,
+    ) -> Result<Self> {
+        let mut input: Vec<u8> = vec![];
+        input.extend_from_slice(&hex::decode(secret.trim())?);
+        input.extend_from_slice(chain_id.as_bytes());
+        input.extend_from_slice(provider_address.as_bytes());
+        input.extend_from_slice(contract_address.as_bytes());
+        input.extend_from_slice(random);
+
+        let secret: [u8; 32] = Keccak256::digest(input).into();
+        Ok(Self::new(
+            secret,
+            chain_length.try_into()?,
+            sample_interval.try_into()?,
+        ))
+    }
+
+    pub fn reveal_ith(&self, i: usize) -> Result<[u8; 32]> {
+        ensure!(i < self.len(), "index not in range");
+
+        // Note that subsample_interval may not perfectly divide length, in which case the uneven segment is
+        // actually at the *front* of the list. Thus, it's easier to compute indexes from the end of the list.
+        let index_from_end_of_subsampled_list = ((self.len() - 1) - i) / self.sample_interval;
+        let mut i_index = self.len() - 1 - index_from_end_of_subsampled_list * self.sample_interval;
+        let mut val = self.hash[self.hash.len() - 1 - index_from_end_of_subsampled_list];
+
+        while i_index > i {
+            val = Keccak256::digest(val).into();
+            i_index -= 1;
+        }
+
+        Ok(val)
+    }
+
+    #[allow(clippy::len_without_is_empty)]
+    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        self.length
+    }
+}
+
+/// `HashChainState` tracks the mapping between on-chain sequence numbers to hash chains.
+/// This struct is required to handle the case where the provider rotates their commitment,
+/// which requires tracking multiple hash chains here.
+pub struct HashChainState {
+    // The sequence number where the hash chain starts. Must be stored in sorted order.
+    pub offsets: Vec<usize>,
+    pub hash_chains: Vec<PebbleHashChain>,
+}
+
+impl HashChainState {
+    pub fn from_chain_at_offset(offset: usize, chain: PebbleHashChain) -> HashChainState {
+        HashChainState {
+            offsets: vec![offset],
+            hash_chains: vec![chain],
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn reveal(&self, sequence_number: u64) -> Result<[u8; 32]> {
+        let sequence_number: usize = sequence_number.try_into()?;
+        let chain_index = self
+            .offsets
+            .partition_point(|x| x <= &sequence_number)
+            .checked_sub(1)
+            .ok_or(anyhow::anyhow!(
+                "Hash chain for the requested sequence number is not available."
+            ))?;
+        self.hash_chains[chain_index].reveal_ith(sequence_number - self.offsets[chain_index])
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use {
+        crate::state::PebbleHashChain,
+        sha3::{Digest, Keccak256},
+    };
+
+    fn run_hash_chain_test(secret: [u8; 32], length: usize, sample_interval: usize) {
+        // Calculate the hash chain the naive way as a comparison point to the subsampled implementation.
+        let mut basic_chain = Vec::<[u8; 32]>::with_capacity(length);
+        let mut current: [u8; 32] = Keccak256::digest(secret).into();
+        basic_chain.push(current);
+        for _ in 1..length {
+            current = Keccak256::digest(current).into();
+            basic_chain.push(current);
+        }
+
+        basic_chain.reverse();
+
+        let chain = PebbleHashChain::new(secret, length, sample_interval);
+
+        let mut last_val = chain.reveal_ith(0).unwrap();
+
+        #[allow(clippy::needless_range_loop)]
+        for i in 1..length {
+            let cur_val = chain.reveal_ith(i).unwrap();
+            println!("{}", i);
+            assert_eq!(basic_chain[i], cur_val);
+
+            let expected_last_val: [u8; 32] = Keccak256::digest(cur_val).into();
+            assert_eq!(expected_last_val, last_val);
+            last_val = cur_val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_hash_chain() {
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 10, 1);
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 10, 2);
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 10, 3);
+        run_hash_chain_test([1u8; 32], 10, 1);
+        run_hash_chain_test([1u8; 32], 10, 2);
+        run_hash_chain_test([1u8; 32], 10, 3);
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 100, 1);
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 100, 2);
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 100, 3);
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 100, 7);
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 100, 50);
+        run_hash_chain_test([0u8; 32], 100, 55);
+    }
+}